Hiemstra S R, Fleuren B P I, de Jonge A, Naaldenberg J, Vaandrager L
Health & Society, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
J Occup Rehabil. 2025 Mar;35(1):105-115. doi: 10.1007/s10926-024-10191-1. Epub 2024 May 20.
Understanding sustainable employability (SE) of people with limited capability for work (LCW) due to physical or mental disability is crucial for the sustainable participation of this target group. Therefore, adequate measurement instruments for SE are needed. This study aims to validate a questionnaire to measure SE among people with LCW using a participatory approach, including person-job fit (PJ fit) and work-related sense of coherence (Work-SoC).
Existing scales for the main concepts were tested and adapted for face validity via cognitive interviews (n = 6), with the involvement of a co-researcher with LCW in the research team. Next, the questionnaire was administered among people with LCW (n = 248) to assess its factor structure (Confirmatory Factor Analysis) and reliability (Cronbach's alpha).
Analysis of the cognitive interviews identified problems with clarity and readability of items, instructions and response categories of used (existing) scales. The main adjustments concerned the shortening of text length, the usage of familiar language and examples, and the addition of an introduction game. Most of the adapted SE indicator scales showed an overall good fit and acceptable-to-good internal reliability. The overall SE model had an overall good fit, and excluding 'internal employability' further improved this fit. PJ fit and Work-SoC had an acceptable/good model fit and internal consistency.
The participatory validation process resulted in a validated and comprehensive questionnaire to measure SE, PJ fit and Work-SoC among people with LCW, which enables research into the development of their SE. This questionnaire can be utilised to contribute to a more inclusive labour market.
了解因身体或精神残疾而工作能力有限的人群的可持续就业能力，对于该目标群体的可持续参与至关重要。因此，需要有足够的可持续就业能力测量工具。本研究旨在采用参与式方法验证一份问卷，以测量工作能力有限人群的可持续就业能力，包括人岗匹配度（PJ匹配度）和与工作相关的连贯感（工作连贯感）。
对主要概念的现有量表进行测试，并通过认知访谈（n = 6）对其进行调整以确保表面效度，研究团队中有一名工作能力有限的共同研究者参与其中。接下来，对工作能力有限的人群（n = 248）进行问卷调查，以评估其因子结构（验证性因子分析）和信度（克朗巴哈系数）。
认知访谈分析发现，所用（现有）量表的项目、说明和回答类别在清晰度和可读性方面存在问题。主要调整包括缩短文本长度、使用通俗易懂的语言和示例，以及增加一个介绍游戏。大多数经过调整的可持续就业能力指标量表总体拟合良好，内部信度可接受至良好。总体可持续就业能力模型总体拟合良好，排除“内部就业能力”后拟合度进一步提高。PJ匹配度和工作连贯感具有可接受/良好的模型拟合度和内部一致性。
参与式验证过程产生了一份经过验证的综合问卷，用于测量工作能力有限人群的可持续就业能力、PJ匹配度和工作连贯感，这有助于研究他们可持续就业能力的发展。该问卷可用于促进劳动力市场更具包容性。
