Department of Neurology, Punan Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
J Int Med Res. 2024 May;52(5):3000605241253745. doi: 10.1177/03000605241253745.
Stylocarotid artery syndrome (SAS) is a rare variant of Eagle's syndrome that may lead to transient ischemic attack or stroke. The underlying pathophysiological mechanism involves compression of the internal carotid artery by an elongated styloid process (ESP), potentially resulting in vascular occlusion or dissection. An ESP exceeding 2.5 cm is deemed elongated, with a length of 3.0 cm considered clinically significant. Although the prevalence of ESP ranges from 4.0% to 7.3%, symptomatic cases are rare; symptoms are present in only approximately 4.0% of individuals with an ESP. Unlike the typical symptoms of Eagle's syndrome, SAS may not cause pharyngeal discomfort, the sensation of a foreign body in the throat, dysphagia, or facial pain. This absence of characteristic symptoms as well as the development of central nervous system symptoms often leads patients to seek care from neurologists instead of otolaryngologists, increasing the likelihood of misdiagnosis or underdiagnosis. We herein report a unique case of ischemic stroke caused by SAS and present a literature review on cases of SAS-associated ischemic stroke published in the past decade. The reporting of this study conforms to the CARE guidelines.
茎突颈动脉综合征（SAS）是一种罕见的鹰钩鼻综合征变体，可能导致短暂性脑缺血发作或中风。潜在的病理生理机制涉及到细长的茎突（ESP）对颈内动脉的压迫，可能导致血管阻塞或夹层。ESP 超过 2.5cm 被认为是伸长的，3.0cm 的长度被认为具有临床意义。尽管 ESP 的患病率在 4.0%至 7.3%之间，但症状性病例很少见；仅有约 4.0%的 ESP 患者出现症状。与典型的鹰钩鼻综合征不同，SAS 可能不会引起咽部不适、喉咙异物感、吞咽困难或面部疼痛。这种缺乏特征性症状以及中枢神经系统症状的出现，常导致患者向神经科医生而不是耳鼻喉科医生求医，增加了误诊或漏诊的可能性。我们在此报告一例由 SAS 引起的缺血性中风的独特病例，并对过去十年发表的与 SAS 相关的缺血性中风病例进行文献复习。本研究的报告符合 CARE 指南。
