Department of Nursing Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department of Nursing Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
BMJ Open. 2024 May 21;14(5):e081840. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081840.
Although stroke is prevalent among older people, there is a rising incidence among the younger subpopulations, particularly middle-aged adults. A healthy diet is one of the key modifiable factors to primary prevention of stroke among these subpopulations, yet there is limited understanding of the dietary habits among middle agers who have the risk factor(s) but no occurrence of stroke. This study aims to explore the views on perceptions and the self-management of middle-aged adults at risk of stroke on a healthy diet and to identify the enablers and barriers that could inform the future development of dietary interventions.
This study used an interpretive descriptive qualitative design, employing semistructured purposive sampling for focus group discussions. Thematic analysis was conducted on the transcribed interviews and field notes, facilitated by NVivo 12.0 Plus software.
Community settings in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province.
Middle-aged adults (aged 45-59) were identified as at risk of stroke due to the presence of one or more modifiable risk factors.
A total of seven focus group discussions were audio recorded. Four main themes emerged, which were: (1) cognitive understanding of a healthy diet; (2) dietary practices; (3) knowledge acquisition and (4) barriers to dietary adherence.
The middle-aged adults at risk of stroke were generally aware of the risk and attempted to practise healthy eating. The existing educational programmes on following a healthy diet in the prevention of disease need to be made more comprehensible, accessible and equitable, especially for those from socioeconomically disadvantaged communities.
尽管中风在老年人中较为普遍，但在年轻人群体中，尤其是中年人群体中，中风的发病率也在上升。对于这些人群，健康的饮食是中风一级预防的关键可改变因素之一，但对于存在中风风险因素但尚未发生中风的中年人，其饮食习惯却知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨有中风风险的中年人群对健康饮食的看法和自我管理，并确定可能为未来饮食干预措施提供信息的促进因素和障碍因素。
本研究采用解释性描述性定性设计，采用半结构式目的抽样进行焦点小组讨论。通过 NVivo 12.0 Plus 软件对转录的访谈和现场记录进行主题分析。
河南省郑州市的社区环境。
中年人群（年龄 45-59 岁）被确定为由于存在一个或多个可改变的风险因素而有中风风险。
共进行了 7 次焦点小组讨论，并进行了录音。出现了 4 个主要主题，分别是：（1）对健康饮食的认知理解；（2）饮食实践；（3）知识获取；（4）饮食坚持的障碍。
有中风风险的中年人群通常意识到风险，并试图进行健康饮食。目前关于通过健康饮食预防疾病的教育计划需要更加易于理解、可及和公平，特别是对于来自社会经济劣势社区的人群。
