University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Child Dev. 2024 Sep-Oct;95(5):1628-1640. doi: 10.1111/cdev.14109. Epub 2024 May 22.
This study examined the development of empathic care across three generations in a sample of 184 adolescents in the United States (99 female, 85 male; 58% White, 29% African American, 8% mixed race/ethnicity, 5% other groups), followed from their family of origin at age 13 into their parenting years (through their mid-30s). Mothers' empathic support toward adolescents at age 13 predicted teens' empathy for close friends across adolescence (13-19 years). Participants' empathic support for friends in late adolescence predicted more supportive parenting behavior in adulthood, which in turn was associated with their children's empathy at age 3-8 years. Results suggest that individuals "pay forward" the empathic care they receive from parents, and that skills developed in adolescent friendships may inform later parenting.
本研究在美国的 184 名青少年（99 名女性，85 名男性；58%为白人，29%为非裔美国人，8%为混合种族/族裔，5%为其他群体）中，对同理心关怀在三代人之间的发展进行了研究。这些青少年在 13 岁时被追踪到他们的原生家庭，直到他们三十多岁为人父母的时期。母亲在青少年 13 岁时对他们的同理心支持，预测了青少年在整个青春期（13-19 岁）对亲密朋友的同理心。参与者在青春期晚期对朋友的同理心支持，预测了成年后更具支持性的养育行为，而这种行为又与他们 3-8 岁孩子的同理心有关。研究结果表明，个体“将他们从父母那里得到的同理心关怀传递下去”，而在青少年友谊中发展的技能可能会为以后的养育提供信息。
