Department of Fish Processing and Biotechnology, Faculty of Aquatic and Fisheries Sciences, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh City, Egypt.
Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanitarian Studies, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia.
J Sci Food Agric. 2024 Sep;104(12):7678-7687. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.13604. Epub 2024 May 22.
The recurrent contaminations of feed materials with mycotoxigenic fungi can endanger both farmed animals and humans. Biosynthesized nanomaterials are assumingly the ideal agents to overcome fungal invasion in feed/foodstuffs, especially when utilizing sustainable sources for synthesis. Herein, the phycosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) was targeted using Cystoseira myrica algal extract (CE), and the conjugation of CE/SeNPs with chitosan nanoparticles (NCt) to produce potential antifungal nanocomposites for controlling Aspergillus flavus isolates in fish feed.
The phycosynthesis of SeNPs with CE was effectually carried out and validated using visible/UV analysis, X-ray diffraction and transmission microscopy; CE/SeNPs had diameters of 8.7 nm and spherical shapes. NCt/CE/SeNPs nanocomposite (173.3 nm mean diameter) was achieved and the component interactions were validated via infrared spectroscopic analysis. The antifungal assessment of screened nanomaterials against three Aspergillus flavus strains indicated that NCt/CE/SeNPs exceeded the fluconazole action using qualitative/quantitative assays. Severe alteration/distortions in A. flavus mycelial structure and morphology were microscopically observed within 48 h of NCt/CE/SeNPs treatment. The treatment of feed ingredients (crushed corn and feed powder) by blending with nanomaterials (NCt, CE/SeNPs and NCt/CE/SeNPs) led to significant reduction in A. flavus count/growth after storage for 7 days; NCt/CE/SeNPs could completely inhibit any fungal growth in feed material.
The pioneering phycosynthesis of CE/SeNPs and their nanoconjugation with NCt generated bioactive antifungal agents to control A. flavus strains. The innovatively constructed NCt/CE/SeNPs nanocomposite is advised for application as an effectual, biosafe and natural fungicidal conjugate for the protection of fish feed from mycotoxigenic fungi. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
饲料原料被产毒真菌反复污染会危及养殖动物和人类。生物合成的纳米材料被认为是克服饲料/食品中真菌入侵的理想剂，特别是在利用可持续的合成源时。在此，使用马尾藻藻提取物（CE）靶向藻青蛋白合成硒纳米颗粒（SeNPs），并将 CE/SeNPs 与壳聚糖纳米颗粒（NCt）结合，以生产用于控制鱼饲料中黄曲霉菌分离株的潜在抗真菌纳米复合材料。
使用可见/紫外分析、X 射线衍射和透射显微镜有效地进行了 CE 与 SeNPs 的生物合成，并进行了验证；CE/SeNPs 的直径为 8.7nm，呈球形。实现了 NCt/CE/SeNPs 纳米复合材料（平均直径 173.3nm），并通过红外光谱分析验证了组分相互作用。筛选的纳米材料对三种黄曲霉菌株的抗真菌评估表明，NCt/CE/SeNPs 在定性/定量测定中超过了氟康唑的作用。在 NCt/CE/SeNPs 处理 48 小时内，黄曲霉菌丝的结构和形态发生了严重的改变/扭曲。在储存 7 天后，将纳米材料（NCt、CE/SeNPs 和 NCt/CE/SeNPs）与饲料原料（粉碎玉米和饲料粉）混合处理，可显著降低黄曲霉菌计数/g 生长；NCt/CE/SeNPs 可完全抑制饲料材料中的任何真菌生长。
CE/SeNPs 的开创性生物合成及其与 NCt 的纳米结合产生了生物活性抗真菌剂，可用于控制黄曲霉菌株。创新性构建的 NCt/CE/SeNPs 纳米复合材料建议用作有效、生物安全和天然杀真菌剂的共轭物，以保护鱼饲料免受产毒真菌的侵害。 © 2024 化学工业协会。
