Centre of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Materials Science Engineering Department, Government College University, 54000, Lahore, Pakistan; Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Institute of Space Technology, 44000, Islamabad, Pakistan.
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2024 Aug;156:106581. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106581. Epub 2024 May 13.
Patient-specific fabrication of scaffold/implant requires an engineering approach to manufacture the ideal scaffold. Herein, we design and 3D print scaffolds comprised of polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) and sodium-carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC). The fabricated scaffold was dip coated with Zn and Mn doped bioactive glass nanoparticles (Zn-Mn MBGNs). The synthesized ink exhibit suitable shear-thinning behavior for direct ink write (DIW) 3D printing. The scaffolds were crafted with precision, featuring 85% porosity, 0.3 mm layer height, and 1.5 mm/s printing speed at room temperature. Scanning electron microscopy images reveal a well-defined scaffold with an average pore size of 600 ± 30 μm. The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed a well dispersed/uniform coating of Zn-Mn MBGNs on the PEEK/Na-CMC scaffold. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy approved the presence of PEEK, CMC, and Zn-Mn MBGNs. The tensile test revealed a Young's modulus of 2.05 GPa. Antibacterial assays demonstrate inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia Coli strains. Chick Chorioallantoic Membrane assays also present significant angiogenesis potential, owing to the antigenic nature of Zn-Mn MBGNs. WST-8 cell viability assays depicted cell proliferation, with a 103% viability after 7 days of culture. This study suggests that the PEEK/Na-CMC scaffolds coated with Zn-Mn MBGNs are an excellent candidate for osteoporotic fracture treatment. Thus, the fabricated scaffold can offer multifaceted properties for enhanced patient outcomes in the bone tissue regeneration.
患者特异性支架/植入物的制造需要采用工程方法来制造理想的支架。在此，我们设计并 3D 打印了由聚醚醚酮（PEEK）和羧甲基纤维素钠（Na-CMC）组成的支架。所制造的支架用锌和锰掺杂的生物活性玻璃纳米粒子（Zn-Mn MBGNs）进行了浸涂。合成的油墨表现出适合直接墨水写入（DIW）3D 打印的剪切稀化行为。支架的制作精度高，具有 85%的孔隙率、0.3 毫米的层厚和 1.5 毫米/秒的打印速度，在室温下进行。扫描电子显微镜图像显示，支架具有定义明确的结构，平均孔径为 600±30μm。能量色散 X 射线光谱分析证实了 Zn-Mn MBGNs 在 PEEK/Na-CMC 支架上的均匀分散/涂层。傅里叶变换红外光谱证实了 PEEK、CMC 和 Zn-Mn MBGNs 的存在。拉伸试验显示杨氏模量为 2.05 GPa。抗菌试验表明对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌菌株具有抑制作用。鸡胚绒毛尿囊膜试验也表现出显著的血管生成潜力，这归因于 Zn-Mn MBGNs 的抗原性质。WST-8 细胞活力试验显示细胞增殖，培养 7 天后活力为 103%。本研究表明，涂有 Zn-Mn MBGNs 的 PEEK/Na-CMC 支架是治疗骨质疏松性骨折的理想候选物。因此，所制造的支架可为骨组织再生中提高患者预后提供多方面的特性。
