Metabolism of arachidonic acid in ionophore-stimulated neutrophils. Esterification of a hydroxylated metabolite into phospholipids.

[14C]Arachidonic acid incubated with human neutrophils was esterified into phospholipids and triglycerides. Stimulation of these labeled neutrophils with ionophore A23187 (2 microM) results in release of [14C]arachidonate from phospholipid and its metabolism to prostaglandin E2 and 5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE), a lipoxygenase product. The released arachidonate is also metabolized to a polar lipid of unknown composition here disignated compound A. 5-HETE was found to be released into the medium and then taken up again by the cells. To determine its metabolic fate, [14C]5-HETE was prepared biosynthetically, purified, and incubated with stimulated, unlabeled neutrophils. Most of the radioactivity entered the cells and was esterified into phospholipids and triglycerides. The radiolabeled complex lipids were saponified, and the released fatty acids cochromatographed with authentic 5-HETE. The esterification of 5-HETE, a hydroxylated fatty acid, into membrane phospholipids may be an example of a more generalized mechanism for altering membrane characteristics.