A Smooth Transition: Assessing Transition Readiness in Adolescents with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

BACKGROUND

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is an early onset condition that affects individuals of all ages. Approximately 15%-25% of patients present before the age of 20 years, with peak onset occurring during adolescence.

AIMS

To evaluate transition readiness among adolescents diagnosed with IBD and identify barriers to transition.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with IBD aged 12-21 years. Patients were stratified by age into three groups: A (12-14 years), B (14-17 years), and C (17 + years). Patients were asked to complete a questionnaire which assessed patient knowledge in three areas of transition: 'Taking Charge,' 'My Health,' and 'Using Health Care.' Fisher's Exact and Chi-Square tests were used to evaluate the associations between age and transition readiness.

RESULTS

A total of 127 participants (68 males and 59 females) with a mean age of 16.14 years were included. Transition readiness increased with age from 60.7% in Group A to 63.2% and 77.9% in Groups B and C, respectively (p < 0.001). Patient confidence and the importance of transition increased with age, with means of 5.51, 6.17, and 6.94 in Groups A, B, and C (p = 0.02). Patient-reported knowledge of their health condition was > 70%, with no statistical differences between the groups (p = 0.65). Patient knowledge regarding 'Using Health Care' increased from 52% in Group A to 79% in Group C (p < 0.001). The greatest barriers to transitioning were carrying health information for Group A (100%) and obtaining provider referrals for Groups B (75%) and C (51%).

CONCLUSION

This study demonstrated that transition readiness increases with age in adolescents with IBD.