Division of Intramural Research, Laboratory of Persistent Viral Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.
Prion Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Cells. 2024 May 14;13(10):832. doi: 10.3390/cells13100832.
Prion diseases are rare and neurodegenerative diseases that are characterized by the misfolding and infectious spread of the prion protein in the brain, causing progressive and irreversible neuronal loss and associated clinical and behavioral manifestations in humans and animals, ultimately leading to death. The brain has a complex network of neurons and glial cells whose crosstalk is critical for function and homeostasis. Although it is established that prion infection of neurons is necessary for clinical disease to occur, debate remains in the field as to the role played by glial cells, namely astrocytes and microglia, and whether these cells are beneficial to the host or further accelerate disease. Here, we review the current literature assessing the complex morphologies of astrocytes and microglia, and the crosstalk between these two cell types, in the prion-infected brain.
朊病毒病是一种罕见的神经退行性疾病,其特征是朊病毒蛋白在大脑中的错误折叠和传染性传播,导致人类和动物的进行性和不可逆转的神经元丧失以及相关的临床和行为表现,最终导致死亡。大脑中有一个复杂的神经元和神经胶质细胞网络,它们的相互作用对于功能和内稳态至关重要。尽管已经确定朊病毒感染神经元是临床疾病发生所必需的,但该领域仍存在争议,即神经胶质细胞(即星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞)所起的作用,以及这些细胞是对宿主有益还是进一步加速疾病。在这里,我们回顾了目前评估朊病毒感染大脑中星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞的复杂形态以及这两种细胞类型之间相互作用的文献。
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