Gradisnik Lidija, Bunc Gorazd, Ravnik Janez, Velnar Tomaz
Medical Faculty Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre Maribor, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 May 19;14(10):1054. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14101054.
the aim of the study was to assess microbiological air quality in operating theatres by determining the level of microbiological contamination of the air and critical surfaces using the passive air sampling method and compliance of the operating theatre staff with infection control measures.
The prospective study was conducted in the surgical block of the University Medical Centre Maribor. For two months continuously, ten operating theatres were assessed for microbial contamination of air and surfaces during quiet and active times of the day. A passive air sampling method with Petri dishes on an agar specially adapted for this purpose (plate count agar) was used. In addition, ten surgical procedures were observed to assess staff compliance with recommended practises.
Air samples met microbiological standards in all operating theatres. In both sampling sessions of the day (quiet and active periods), microbial contamination of the air was always within the limit of 10 CFU/m. The average number of bacterial colonies was zero to two during quiet phases and one to four during active phases. Approximately 60% of the isolates from the operating theatres belonged mainly to the genus : (36% of the isolates), (17.5%) and (5.5%). The rest were identified as (23%) and sp. (18%). Pathogenic bacteria and moulds were not present. In regard to staff compliance with good surgical practise, the former varied by behaviour and function, with non-compliance in pre-operative skin preparation and operating theatre congestion being notable. The cleanliness of the environment was satisfactory.
Microbiological air control is extremely important for the safety and success of both surgical and postoperative practises. In spite of good results obtained in the study, further improvements in surgical staff compliance with good surgical practise are essential to reduce surgical site infections.
本研究的目的是通过使用被动空气采样法测定空气和关键表面的微生物污染水平以及手术室工作人员对感染控制措施的依从性，来评估手术室的微生物空气质量。
前瞻性研究在马里博尔大学医学中心的外科病房进行。连续两个月，在一天中的安静时段和活跃时段对10间手术室的空气和表面微生物污染情况进行评估。采用在专门为此目的适配的琼脂（平板计数琼脂）上放置培养皿的被动空气采样法。此外，观察了10台外科手术以评估工作人员对推荐做法的依从性。
所有手术室的空气样本均符合微生物标准。在一天中的两个采样时段（安静期和活跃期），空气微生物污染始终在10 CFU/m的限值内。安静期细菌菌落平均数为零至两个，活跃期为一至四个。手术室分离出的菌株中约60%主要属于：（36%的分离株）、（17.5%）和（5.5%）。其余分别鉴定为（23%）和sp.（18%）。未发现病原菌和霉菌。关于工作人员对良好手术操作规范的依从性，前者因行为和职能而异，术前皮肤准备不依从和手术室拥挤情况较为明显。环境清洁度令人满意。
微生物空气控制对于手术及术后操作的安全和成功极为重要。尽管本研究取得了良好结果，但进一步提高手术人员对良好手术操作规范的依从性对于减少手术部位感染至关重要。
