Song Ziling, Liu Yang, Liu Huan, Ye Zhengwei, Ma Qiang, Wei Yuliang, Xiao Lindong, Liang Mengqing, Xu Houguo
College of Fisheries and Life Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China.
State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 106 Nanjing Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Apr 23;13(5):505. doi: 10.3390/antiox13050505.
Astaxanthin (AST), functioning as an efficient antioxidant and pigment, is one of the most expensive additives in shrimp feeds. How to improve the uptake efficiency of dietary astaxanthin into farmed shrimp is of significance. The present study investigated the effects of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), an emulsifier, on dietary astaxanthin efficiency, growth performance, body color, body composition, as well as lipid metabolism of juvenile Pacific white shrimp (average initial body weight: 2.4 g). Three diets were prepared: control group, the AST group (supplemented with 0.02% AST), and the AST + LPC group (supplemented with 0.02% AST and 0.1% LPC). Each diet was fed to triplicate tanks, and each tank was stocked with 30 shrimp. The shrimp were fed four times daily for eight weeks. The AST supplementation improved the growth of white shrimp, while LPC further promoted the final weight of shrimp, but the whole-shrimp proximate composition and fatty acid composition were only slightly affected by AST and LPC. The LPC supplementation significantly increased the astaxanthin deposition in the muscle. The LPC supplementation significantly increased the shell yellowness of both raw and cooked shrimp compared to the AST group. Moreover, the dietary LPC increased the high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol content but decreased the low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol content in the serum, indicating the possible regulation of lipid and cholesterol transport. The addition of astaxanthin significantly up-regulated the expression of in the hepatopancreas compared to the control group, while the addition of LPC down-regulated the expression of compared to the AST group. In conclusion, the LPC supplementation could facilitate the deposition of dietary astaxanthin into farmed shrimp and further enlarge the beneficial effects of dietary astaxanthin. LPC may also independently regulate shrimp body color and cholesterol transportation. This was the first investigation of the promoting effects of LPC on dietary astaxanthin efficiency.
虾青素（AST）作为一种高效的抗氧化剂和色素，是虾饲料中最昂贵的添加剂之一。如何提高养殖虾对饲料中虾青素的摄取效率具有重要意义。本研究调查了乳化剂溶血磷脂酰胆碱（LPC）对幼体太平洋白虾（平均初始体重：2.4克）饲料中虾青素效率、生长性能、体色、体成分以及脂质代谢的影响。制备了三种饲料：对照组、AST组（添加0.02%AST）和AST+LPC组（添加0.02%AST和0.1%LPC）。每种饲料投喂三个重复的养殖箱，每个养殖箱放养30只虾。虾每天投喂四次，持续八周。添加AST提高了白虾的生长，而LPC进一步促进了虾的终末体重，但AST和LPC对虾体的整体营养成分和脂肪酸组成影响较小。添加LPC显著增加了肌肉中虾青素的沉积。与AST组相比，添加LPC显著增加了生虾和熟虾的壳黄度。此外，饲料中添加LPC增加了血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量，但降低了低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量，表明可能对脂质和胆固醇转运有调节作用。与对照组相比，添加虾青素显著上调了肝胰腺中[此处原文缺失相关基因名称]的表达，而与AST组相比，添加LPC下调了[此处原文缺失相关基因名称]的表达。总之，添加LPC可促进养殖虾对饲料中虾青素的沉积，并进一步扩大饲料中虾青素的有益作用。LPC还可能独立调节虾的体色和胆固醇运输。这是首次关于LPC对饲料中虾青素效率促进作用的研究。
