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巴尔干半岛特有物种 Velén 的甲醇提取物的代谢成分及其对雄性 Wistar 大鼠的抗炎作用。

Metabolic Composition of Methanolic Extract of the Balkan Endemic Species Velen and Its Anti-Inflammatory Effect on Male Wistar Rats.

机构信息

Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Vasil Aprilov Str. 15A, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.

Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Plovdiv, Vasil Aprilov Str. 15A, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.

出版信息

Int J Mol Sci. 2024 May 15;25(10):5396. doi: 10.3390/ijms25105396.

Abstract

Extracts from medicinal plants are widely used in the treatment and prevention of different diseases. is a Balkan endemic species with reported antioxidant and antimicrobial characteristics; however, its phytochemical composition is not well defined. Here, we examined the metabolome of by chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS-MS), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Amino acids, organic acids, sugars, and sugar alcohols were the primary metabolites with the highest levels in the plant extract. Detailed analysis of the sugar content identified high levels of sucrose, glucose, mannose, and fructose. Lipids are primary plant metabolites, and the analysis revealed triacylglycerols as the most abundant lipid group. Potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn), and calcium (Ca) were the elements with the highest content. The results showed linarin, 3-caffeoil-quinic acid, and rosmarinic acid, as well as a number of polyphenols, as the most abundant secondary metabolites. Among the flavonoids and polyphenols with a high presence were eupatorin, kaempferol, and apigenin-compounds widely known for their bioactive properties. Further, the acute toxicity and potential anti-inflammatory activity of the methanolic extract were evaluated in Wistar rats. No toxic effects were registered after a single oral application of the extract in doses of between 200 and 5000 mg/kg bw. A fourteen-day pre-treatment with methanolic extract of in doses of 250, 400, and 500 mg/kg bw induced anti-inflammatory activity in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd hours after carrageenan injection in a model of rat paw edema. This effect was also present in the 4th hour only in the group treated with a dose of 500 mg/kg. In conclusion, extract is particularly rich in linarin, rosmarinic acid, and flavonoids (eupatorin, kaempferol, and apigenin). Its methanolic extract induced no toxicity in male Wistar rats after oral application in doses of up to 5000 mg/kg bw. Additionally, treatment with the methanolic extract for 14 days revealed anti-inflammatory potential in a model of rat paw edema on the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd hours after the carrageenan injection. These results show the anti-inflammatory potential of the plant, which might be considered for further exploration and eventual application as a phytotherapeutic agent.

摘要

药用植物提取物被广泛用于治疗和预防各种疾病。是巴尔干半岛的特有物种,具有抗氧化和抗菌特性;然而,其植物化学组成尚未得到很好的定义。在这里,我们通过色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)、超高效液相色谱-质谱联用(UPLC-MS-MS)和电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)对进行了代谢组学分析。氨基酸、有机酸、糖和糖醇是植物提取物中含量最高的主要代谢物。对糖含量的详细分析表明,蔗糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖和果糖含量较高。脂质是植物的主要代谢物,分析表明三酰甘油是最丰富的脂质组。钾(K)、镁(Mg)、锌(Zn)和钙(Ca)是含量最高的元素。结果表明,木樨草素、3-咖啡酰奎宁酸和迷迭香酸以及许多多酚类化合物是含量最丰富的次生代谢物。在具有高生物活性的黄酮类和多酚类化合物中,有芹菜素、山柰酚和芹菜素-广泛已知的化合物。此外,还评估了甲醇提取物的急性毒性和潜在抗炎活性。在 200 至 5000mg/kg bw 体重的剂量下,单次口服提取物后未观察到毒性作用。在剂量为 250、400 和 500mg/kg bw 的情况下,14 天的甲醇提取物预处理在角叉菜胶诱导的大鼠爪肿胀模型中诱导了 1 小时、2 小时和 3 小时的抗炎活性。在仅用 500mg/kg bw 体重剂量处理的组中,在第 4 小时也存在这种作用。总之,提取物富含木樨草素、迷迭香酸和类黄酮(芹菜素、山柰酚和芹菜素)。在雄性 Wistar 大鼠中,经口给予高达 5000mg/kg bw 的剂量后,其甲醇提取物无毒性。此外,在角叉菜胶注射后 1 小时、2 小时和 3 小时,用甲醇提取物治疗 14 天可在大鼠爪肿胀模型中显示出抗炎潜力。这些结果表明该植物具有抗炎潜力,可进一步探索并最终用作植物治疗剂。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/19bd/11121417/94e91840adf3/ijms-25-05396-g001.jpg

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