University of Texas - Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, USA.
Department of Psychological Science, University of Texas - Rio Grande Valley, 1201 West University Drive, Edinburg, TX, 78539-2999, USA.
Psychol Res. 2024 Jul;88(5):1471-1482. doi: 10.1007/s00426-024-01975-4. Epub 2024 May 27.
Studies have shown that local (e.g., midseries) items' specific properties, including being isolated from rest of the items, can generate a local distinctiveness effect, enhancing the memory performance for the local items in serial recall or absolute judgments. However, this has not been the case in relative (comparative) judgments. For the first time, the present study found a local distinctiveness effect in comparative judgments by using an opposite-gender name for the midseries item in an otherwise uniformly one-gender name serial list. The reasons for the previous studies' failure to produce this effect in comparative judgments and the present study's success in obtaining it were discussed. The implication of the finding for the item/order information opponent-process theories was also suggested.
研究表明，局部（例如，中项）项目的特定属性，包括与其他项目隔离开来，可以产生局部独特性效应，从而提高序列回忆或绝对判断中局部项目的记忆表现。然而，在相对（比较）判断中情况并非如此。本研究首次通过在一个统一的单性名字序列列表中使用中项项目的异性名字，发现了比较判断中的局部独特性效应。讨论了之前的研究在比较判断中未能产生这种效应的原因以及本研究成功获得该效应的原因。还提出了该发现对项目/顺序信息对立过程理论的意义。
