Section of Microbiology and Virology, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1451:151-170. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-57165-7_10.
Molluscum contagiosum virus is a poxvirus belonging to the Poxviridae family, which includes Orthopoxvirus, Parapoxvirus, Yantapoxvirus, Molluscipoxvirus, Smallpox virus, Cowpox virus and Monkeypox virus. MCV belongs to the genus Molluscipoxvirus and has a tropism for skin tissue. MCV infects keratinocytes and, after an incubation period of 2 weeks to 6 weeks, causes a breakdown of the skin barrier with the development of papules of variable size depending on the proper functioning of the immune response (both adaptive and acquired). MCV only infects humans and does not cause viraemia. MCV encodes for several inhibitory proteins responsible to circumvent the immune response through different signalling pathways. Individuals who can be infected with MCV are children, immunocompromised individuals such as organ transplant recipients and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected individuals. Current treatments to manage MCV-induced lesions are different and include the use of immunomodulators, which, however, do not provide an effective response.
传染性软疣病毒是一种痘病毒，属于痘病毒科，包括正痘病毒、副痘病毒、山羊痘病毒、软疣病毒、天花病毒、牛痘病毒和猴痘病毒。MCV 属于软疣病毒属，具有皮肤组织趋向性。MCV 感染角质形成细胞，在 2 周到 6 周的潜伏期后，由于免疫反应（适应性和获得性）的正常功能，皮肤屏障破裂，导致大小不一的丘疹形成。MCV 仅感染人类，不会引起病毒血症。MCV 编码几种抑制蛋白，通过不同的信号通路来规避免疫反应。可能感染 MCV 的人群为儿童、免疫功能低下者，如器官移植受者和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者。目前用于治疗 MCV 引起的病变的方法不同，包括使用免疫调节剂，但这些方法并不能提供有效的治疗效果。
