Londoño-Osorio Sara, Leon-Carreño Lizeth, Cala Mónica P, Sierra-Zapata Laura
CIBIOP Research Group, School of Applied Sciences and Engineering, Universidad EAFIT, Medellín, Colombia.
MetCore-Metabolomics Core Facility, Vice-Presidency for Research, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia.
Front Mol Biosci. 2024 May 13;11:1250413. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2024.1250413. eCollection 2024.
Nutrition during the perinatal period is an essential component of health and one that can severely impact the correct development of a human being and its overall condition, in all the subsequent stages of life. The availability of several compounds, mainly macronutrients and micronutrients, plays a key role in the balanced nutrition of both mother and baby and is a process with direct relation to the gut microbiome. Thus, we hereby refer to the set of small molecules derived from gut microbiome metabolism as the gut metabolome. These continuous processes occurring in the gut of a gestating or lactating mother related to microbial communities and nutrients, can be revealed by metabolomics. In this study, we explore for the first time the gut metabolome of pregnant and lactating women, from our region of Antioquia-Colombia, applying untargeted metabolomics by LC-QTOF-MS, and molecular networking. Regarding the gut metabolome composition of the cohort, we found, key metabolites that can be used as biomarkers of microbiome function, overall metabolic health, dietary intake, pharmacology, and lifestyle. In our cohort, pregnant women evidenced a significantly higher abundance of prostaglandins, alkaloids, corticosteroids, organosilicons, and natural toxins, while in lactating women, lipids stand out. Our results suggest that unveiling the metabolic phenotype of the gut microbiome of an individual, by untargeted metabolomics, allows a broad visualization of the chemical space present in this important niche and enables the recognition of influential indicators of the host's health status and habits, especially of women during this significant perinatal period. This study constitutes the first evidence of the use of untargeted LC-QTOF-MS coupled with molecular networking analysis, of the gut microbiome in a Colombian cohort and establishes a methodology for finding relative abundances of key metabolites, with potential use in nutritional and physiological state assessments, for future personalized health and nutrition practices.
围产期营养是健康的重要组成部分，在生命的所有后续阶段，它会严重影响人类的正常发育及其整体状况。几种化合物的可用性，主要是常量营养素和微量营养素，在母婴的营养平衡中起着关键作用，并且是一个与肠道微生物群直接相关的过程。因此，我们在此将源自肠道微生物群代谢的小分子集合称为肠道代谢组。这些在妊娠或哺乳期母亲肠道中发生的与微生物群落和营养物质相关的持续过程，可以通过代谢组学揭示。在本研究中，我们首次探索了来自哥伦比亚安蒂奥基亚地区的孕妇和哺乳期妇女的肠道代谢组，采用液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱（LC-QTOF-MS）进行非靶向代谢组学分析以及分子网络分析。关于该队列的肠道代谢组组成，我们发现了可作为微生物群功能、整体代谢健康、饮食摄入、药理学和生活方式生物标志物的关键代谢物。在我们的队列中，孕妇体内前列腺素、生物碱、皮质类固醇、有机硅和天然毒素的丰度明显更高，而在哺乳期妇女中，脂质最为突出。我们的结果表明，通过非靶向代谢组学揭示个体肠道微生物群的代谢表型，可以广泛地可视化这个重要生态位中存在的化学空间，并能够识别宿主健康状况和习惯的有影响力指标，尤其是在这个重要围产期的女性。本研究是在哥伦比亚队列中首次使用非靶向LC-QTOF-MS结合分子网络分析研究肠道微生物群的证据，并建立了一种寻找关键代谢物相对丰度的方法，该方法可能用于营养和生理状态评估，以用于未来的个性化健康和营养实践。
