Faridy Nastaran, Torabi Ehssan, Pourbabaee Ahmad Ali, Osdaghi Ebrahim, Talebi Khalil
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran.
Front Microbiol. 2024 May 15;15:1366951. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1366951. eCollection 2024.
Fipronil (FIP) and thiobencarb (THIO) represent widely utilized pesticides in paddy fields, presenting environmental challenges that necessitate effective remediation approaches. Despite the recognized need, exploring bacterial consortia efficiently degrading FIP and THIO remains limited.
This study isolated three unique bacterial consortia-FD, TD, and MD-demonstrating the capability to degrade FIP, THIO, and an FIP + THIO mixture within a 10-day timeframe. Furthermore, the bioaugmentation abilities of the selected consortia were evaluated in paddy soils under various conditions.
Sequencing results shed light on the consortia's composition, revealing a diverse bacterial population prominently featuring , , , and genera. All consortia efficiently degraded pesticides at 800 µg/mL concentrations, primarily through oxidative and hydrolytic processes. This metabolic activity yields more hydrophilic metabolites, including 4-(Trifluoromethyl)-phenol and 1,4-Benzenediol, 2-methyl-, for FIP, and carbamothioic acid, diethyl-, S-ethyl ester, and Benzenecarbothioic acid, S-methyl ester for THIO. Soil bioaugmentation tests highlight the consortia's effectiveness, showcasing accelerated degradation of FIP and THIO-individually or in a mixture-by 1.3 to 13-fold. These assessments encompass diverse soil moisture levels (20 and 100% ), pesticide concentrations (15 and 150 µg/g), and sterile conditions (sterile and non-sterile soils).
This study offers an understanding of bacterial communities adept at degrading FIP and THIO, introducing FD, TD, and MD consortia as promising contenders for bioremediation endeavors.
氟虫腈（FIP）和杀草丹（THIO）是稻田中广泛使用的农药，带来了环境挑战，因此需要有效的修复方法。尽管有公认的需求，但探索能有效降解氟虫腈和杀草丹的细菌群落的研究仍然有限。
本研究分离出三个独特的细菌群落——FD、TD和MD——它们能够在10天内降解氟虫腈、杀草丹以及氟虫腈+杀草丹混合物。此外，还在各种条件下的稻田土壤中评估了所选群落的生物强化能力。
测序结果揭示了群落的组成，显示出一个多样化的细菌种群，主要包括 、 、 和 属。所有群落都能在800 µg/mL浓度下有效降解农药，主要通过氧化和水解过程。这种代谢活动产生了更多亲水性代谢物，包括氟虫腈的4-（三氟甲基）苯酚和2-甲基-1,4-苯二酚，以及杀草丹的二乙基氨基硫代甲酸酯和S-甲基苯硫代羧酸酯。土壤生物强化试验突出了群落的有效性，表明氟虫腈和杀草丹单独或混合时的降解速度加快了1.3至13倍。这些评估涵盖了不同的土壤湿度水平（20%和100%）、农药浓度（15和150 µg/g）以及无菌条件（无菌和非无菌土壤）。
本研究有助于了解擅长降解氟虫腈和杀草丹的细菌群落，引入FD、TD和MD群落作为生物修复努力的有希望的竞争者。
