Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Chenzhou Hospital (the First People's Hospital of Chenzhou), Southern Medical University, Chenzhou, 423000, China.
Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2024 May 30;29(1):81. doi: 10.1186/s11658-024-00602-9.
Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Studies have indicated that immune dysfunction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of sepsis. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in the emergence of immune dysfunction in sepsis. The major manifestations of DCs in the septic state are abnormal functions and depletion in numbers, which are linked to higher mortality and vulnerability to secondary infections in sepsis. Apoptosis is the most widely studied pathway of number reduction in DCs. In the past few years, there has been a surge in studies focusing on regulated cell death (RCD). This emerging field encompasses various forms of cell death, such as necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy-dependent cell death (ADCD). Regulation of DC's RCD can serve as a possible therapeutic focus for the treatment of sepsis. Throughout time, numerous tactics have been devised and effectively implemented to improve abnormal immune response during sepsis progression, including modifying the functions of DCs and inhibiting DC cell death. In this review, we provide an overview of the functional impairment and RCD of DCs in septic states. Also, we highlight recent advances in targeting DCs to regulate host immune response following septic challenge.
脓毒症是一种由宿主对感染的失调反应引起的危及生命的器官功能障碍。研究表明，免疫功能障碍在脓毒症的发病机制中起着核心作用。树突状细胞（DCs）在脓毒症免疫功能障碍的发生中起着至关重要的作用。DCs 在脓毒症状态下的主要表现是功能异常和数量减少，这与脓毒症患者更高的死亡率和易继发感染有关。细胞凋亡是研究 DC 数量减少的最广泛途径。在过去的几年中，研究集中在调控细胞死亡（RCD）上的研究激增。这个新兴领域包括各种形式的细胞死亡，如坏死性凋亡、焦亡、铁死亡和自噬依赖性细胞死亡（ADCD）。调控 DC 的 RCD 可以作为治疗脓毒症的一种可能的治疗焦点。随着时间的推移，已经设计并有效地实施了许多策略来改善脓毒症进展过程中的异常免疫反应，包括修饰 DC 的功能和抑制 DC 细胞死亡。在这篇综述中，我们概述了脓毒症状态下 DC 的功能障碍和 RCD。此外，我们还强调了最近在针对 DC 以调节宿主免疫反应方面的进展。
