Department of Spine Surgery, Center of Orthopedics, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
Pancreatic Injury and Repair Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, the General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610031, China.
Mil Med Res. 2024 May 30;11(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s40779-024-00538-3.
Orthopedic conditions have emerged as global health concerns, impacting approximately 1.7 billion individuals worldwide. However, the limited understanding of the underlying pathological processes at the cellular and molecular level has hindered the development of comprehensive treatment options for these disorders. The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology has revolutionized biomedical research by enabling detailed examination of cellular and molecular diversity. Nevertheless, investigating mechanisms at the single-cell level in highly mineralized skeletal tissue poses technical challenges. In this comprehensive review, we present a streamlined approach to obtaining high-quality single cells from skeletal tissue and provide an overview of existing scRNA-seq technologies employed in skeletal studies along with practical bioinformatic analysis pipelines. By utilizing these methodologies, crucial insights into the developmental dynamics, maintenance of homeostasis, and pathological processes involved in spine, joint, bone, muscle, and tendon disorders have been uncovered. Specifically focusing on the joint diseases of degenerative disc disease, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis using scRNA-seq has provided novel insights and a more nuanced comprehension. These findings have paved the way for discovering novel therapeutic targets that offer potential benefits to patients suffering from diverse skeletal disorders.
骨科疾病已成为全球性健康问题，影响着全球约 17 亿人。然而，由于细胞和分子水平上潜在病理过程的认识有限，这些疾病的综合治疗方案仍难以开发。单细胞 RNA 测序 (scRNA-seq) 技术的出现彻底改变了生物医学研究，使对细胞和分子多样性的详细检查成为可能。然而，在高度矿化的骨骼组织中研究单细胞水平的机制存在技术挑战。在这篇全面综述中，我们提出了一种从骨骼组织中获取高质量单细胞的简化方法，并概述了骨骼研究中使用的现有 scRNA-seq 技术以及实用的生物信息学分析管道。通过利用这些方法，我们深入了解了脊柱、关节、骨骼、肌肉和肌腱疾病中涉及的发育动态、维持内稳态和病理过程。具体来说，使用 scRNA-seq 研究关节疾病（退行性椎间盘疾病、骨关节炎和类风湿性关节炎）提供了新的见解和更细致的理解。这些发现为发现新的治疗靶点铺平了道路，为患有各种骨骼疾病的患者带来了潜在的益处。
