Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2024 Oct 10;44(1):65. doi: 10.1007/s10571-024-01499-w.
The incidence of central nervous system (CNS) disease has persistently increased over the last several years. There is an urgent need for effective methods to improve the cure rates of CNS disease. However, the precise molecular basis underlying the development and progression of major CNS diseases remains elusive. A complete molecular map will contribute to research on CNS disease treatment strategies. Emerging technologies such as single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and Spatial Transcriptomics (ST) are potent tools for exploring the molecular complexity, cell heterogeneity, and functional specificity of CNS disease. scRNA-seq and ST can provide insights into the disease at cellular and spatial transcription levels. This review presents a survey of scRNA-seq and ST studies on CNS diseases, such as chronic neurodegenerative diseases, acute CNS injuries, and others. These studies offer novel perspectives in treating and diagnosing CNS diseases by discovering new cell types or subtypes associated with the disease, proposing new pathophysiological mechanisms, uncovering novel therapeutic targets, and identifying putative biomarkers.
近年来，中枢神经系统（CNS）疾病的发病率持续上升。迫切需要有效的方法来提高 CNS 疾病的治愈率。然而，主要 CNS 疾病发展和进展的确切分子基础仍难以捉摸。一个完整的分子图谱将有助于 CNS 疾病治疗策略的研究。单细胞 RNA 测序（scRNA-seq）和空间转录组学（ST）等新兴技术是探索 CNS 疾病分子复杂性、细胞异质性和功能特异性的有力工具。scRNA-seq 和 ST 可以提供在细胞和空间转录水平上对疾病的深入了解。本文综述了 scRNA-seq 和 ST 在 CNS 疾病（如慢性神经退行性疾病、急性 CNS 损伤等）研究中的应用。这些研究通过发现与疾病相关的新型细胞类型或亚型、提出新的病理生理机制、揭示新的治疗靶点以及鉴定潜在的生物标志物，为 CNS 疾病的治疗和诊断提供了新的视角。
