School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China.
School of Food Science and Engineering, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Engineering Research Center of Starch and Vegetable Protein Processing Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Microbiol Res. 2024 Aug;285:127782. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127782. Epub 2024 May 27.
As a major human and animal pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus can attach to medical implants (abiotic surface) or host tissues (biotic surface), and further establish robust biofilms which enhances resistance and persistence to host immune system and antibiotics. Cell-wall-anchored proteins (CWAPs) covalently link to peptidoglycan, and largely facilitate the colonization of S. aureus on various surfaces (including adhesion and biofilm formation) and invasion into host cells (including adhesion, immune evasion, iron acquisition and biofilm formation). During biofilm formation, CWAPs function in adhesion, aggregation, collagen-like fiber network formation, and consortia formation. In this review, we firstly focus on the structural features of CWAPs, including their intracellular function and interactions with host cells, as well as the functions and ligand binding of CWAPs in different stages of S. aureus biofilm formation. Then, the roles of CWAPs in different biofilm processes with regards in development of therapeutic approaches are clarified, followed by the association between CWAPs genes and clonal lineages. By touching upon these aspects, we hope to provide comprehensive knowledge and clearer understanding on the CWAPs of S. aureus and their roles in biofilm formation, which may further aid in prevention and treatment infection and vaccine development.
金黄色葡萄球菌作为一种主要的人类和动物病原体，可以附着在医疗植入物（非生物表面）或宿主组织（生物表面）上，并进一步形成强大的生物膜，从而增强对宿主免疫系统和抗生素的抵抗力和持久性。细胞壁锚定蛋白（CWAP）与肽聚糖共价连接，极大地促进了金黄色葡萄球菌在各种表面（包括粘附和生物膜形成）上的定植和入侵宿主细胞（包括粘附、免疫逃逸、铁获取和生物膜形成）。在生物膜形成过程中，CWAPs 发挥着粘附、聚集、胶原蛋白样纤维网络形成和联合体形成的功能。在这篇综述中，我们首先关注 CWAPs 的结构特征，包括它们的细胞内功能以及与宿主细胞的相互作用，以及 CWAPs 在金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜形成的不同阶段的功能和配体结合。然后，阐明了 CWAPs 在不同生物膜过程中的作用，以及其在治疗方法发展中的作用，随后还探讨了 CWAPs 基因与克隆谱系之间的关联。通过探讨这些方面，我们希望为金黄色葡萄球菌的 CWAPs 及其在生物膜形成中的作用提供全面的知识和更清晰的认识，这可能有助于预防和治疗感染以及疫苗的开发。
