Resistance Genes and Virulence Factor Genes in Coagulase-Negative and Positive Staphylococci of the Group (SIG) Isolated from the Dog Skin.

Staphylococci are common pathogens in dogs, causing a variety of dermatological problems. This study aimed to characterize the prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and biofilm-forming potential of species isolated from the skin of shelter dogs. Overall, 108 samples were collected from the hairless skin areas of dogs in a shelter over one year. Isolates were cultured using standard microbiological methods and identified through biochemical testing, MALDI-TOF MS, and multiplex PCR. A total of 67 isolates were identified, with being the most prevalent. Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed using disk diffusion and MIC methods, revealing high resistance to ampicillin, erythromycin, and tetracycline. Notably, 12 multidrug-resistant SIG ( group; ) and 4 CoNS strains (coagulase-negative staphylococci; ) were identified. Biofilm production was evaluated using a crystal violet assay, showing variable biofilm-forming capabilities among isolates and PCR, to confirm genes associated with biofilm formation. These findings highlight the presence of multidrug-resistant species in shelter dogs, emphasizing the need for careful monitoring and antibiotic stewardship to manage potential risks to both animal and human health.