Miller R A, Schaffner K F, Meisel A
Ann Intern Med. 1985 Apr;102(4):529-37. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-102-4-529.
As computer programs are used with increasing frequency in the clinical setting, ethicists, lawyers, computer scientists, clinicians, and patients must confront a group of problems: In what situations is it appropriate to use a medical computer program? Who should use these programs and how should they be used? What is the legal status of a computer program that provides medical advice? Can a proper balance be achieved between confidentiality of patient information and shared access to records by health care personnel? How can regulatory agencies, physicians, and patients determine if a program is safe for human use? Will programs be able to communicate with users well enough to prevent clinically harmful misunderstandings? Because few if any definitive answers are yet available, these questions remain the subject of much discussion.
随着计算机程序在临床环境中的使用频率不断增加，伦理学家、律师、计算机科学家、临床医生和患者必须面对一系列问题：在哪些情况下使用医疗计算机程序是合适的？谁应该使用这些程序以及应该如何使用？提供医疗建议的计算机程序的法律地位是什么？在患者信息的保密性与医护人员对记录的共享访问之间能否实现适当的平衡？监管机构、医生和患者如何确定一个程序对人类使用是否安全？程序能否与用户进行充分沟通以防止产生临床有害的误解？由于几乎没有明确的答案，这些问题仍然是大量讨论的主题。
