Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, S504 Elliott Hall, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
Center for Cognitive Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2024 Jul;86(5):1621-1640. doi: 10.3758/s13414-024-02907-5. Epub 2024 Jun 5.
The central visual field is essential for activities like reading and face recognition. However, the impact of peripheral vision loss on daily activities is profound. While the importance of central vision is well established, the contribution of peripheral vision to spatial attention is less clear. In this study, we introduced a "mouse-eye" method as an alternative to traditional gaze-contingent eye tracking. We found that even in tasks requiring central vision, peripheral vision contributes to implicit attentional learning. Participants searched for a T among Ls, with the T appearing more often in one visual quadrant. Earlier studies showed that participants' awareness of the T location probability was not essential for their ability to learn. When we limited the visible area around the mouse cursor, only participants aware of the target's location probability showed learning; those unaware did not. Adding placeholders in the periphery did not restore implicit attentional learning. A control experiment showed that when participants were allowed to see all items while searching and moving the mouse to reveal the target's color, both aware and unaware participants acquired location probability learning. Our results underscore the importance of peripheral vision in implicitly guided attention. Without peripheral vision, only explicit, but not implicit, attentional learning prevails.
中央视野对于阅读和人脸识别等活动至关重要。然而，周边视野丧失对日常生活的影响是深远的。虽然中央视力的重要性已得到充分证实，但周边视力对空间注意力的贡献尚不明确。在这项研究中，我们引入了一种“鼠标眼”方法，作为传统注视相关眼动追踪的替代方法。我们发现，即使在需要中央视觉的任务中，周边视觉也有助于内隐注意学习。参与者在 L 中搜索 T，T 更频繁地出现在一个视觉象限中。早期的研究表明，参与者对 T 位置概率的意识对于他们学习的能力不是必需的。当我们限制鼠标光标周围的可见区域时，只有意识到目标位置概率的参与者表现出学习；那些没有意识到的则没有。在周边添加占位符并不能恢复内隐注意学习。一项控制实验表明，当参与者在搜索和移动鼠标以揭示目标颜色时被允许看到所有项目时，有意识和无意识的参与者都获得了位置概率学习。我们的研究结果强调了周边视觉在隐性引导注意力中的重要性。没有周边视觉，只有显式而不是内隐的注意学习才会占主导地位。
