Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Life Sci. 2024 Aug 1;350:122748. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122748. Epub 2024 Jun 4.
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a group of heterogeneous disorders with a high socioeconomic burden. Although pharmacotherapy is currently the principal therapeutic approach for the management of NDs, mounting evidence supports the notion that the protracted application of available drugs would abate their dopaminergic outcomes in the long run. The therapeutic application of microbiome-based modalities has received escalating attention in biomedical works. In-depth investigations of the bidirectional communication between the microbiome in the gut and the brain offer a multitude of targets for the treatment of NDs or maximizing the patient's quality of life. Probiotic administration is a well-known microbial-oriented approach to modulate the gut microbiota and potentially influence the process of neurodegeneration. Of note, there is a strong need for further investigation to map out the mechanistic prospects for the gut-brain axis and the clinical efficacy of probiotics. In this review, we discuss the importance of microbiome modulation and hemostasis via probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics and synbiotics in ameliorating pathological neurodegenerative events. Also, we meticulously describe the underlying mechanism of action of probiotics and their metabolites on the gut-brain axis in different NDs. We suppose that the present work will provide a functional direction for the use of probiotic-based modalities in promoting current practical treatments for the management of neurodegenerative-related diseases.
神经退行性疾病（NDs）是一组异质性疾病，具有较高的社会经济负担。尽管药物治疗目前是管理 NDs 的主要治疗方法，但越来越多的证据支持这样一种观点，即长期应用现有药物将在长期内减弱其多巴胺能结局。基于微生物组的治疗方法的治疗应用在生物医学工作中受到越来越多的关注。深入研究肠道微生物组与大脑之间的双向交流为治疗 NDs 或最大限度地提高患者生活质量提供了多种靶点。益生菌给药是一种众所周知的微生物靶向方法，可以调节肠道微生物群，并可能影响神经退行性过程。值得注意的是，需要进一步研究来阐明肠道-大脑轴的机制前景和益生菌的临床疗效。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了通过益生菌、益生元、后生元和合生素来调节微生物组和止血在改善病理性神经退行性事件中的重要性。此外，我们还详细描述了益生菌及其代谢物对不同 NDs 中肠道-大脑轴的作用机制。我们假设，这项工作将为基于益生菌的方法在促进当前管理神经退行性相关疾病的实际治疗中的应用提供功能方向。
