Soil and Water Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
BMC Microbiol. 2024 Jun 8;24(1):200. doi: 10.1186/s12866-024-03337-x.
There is an urgent need for new bioactive molecules with unique mechanisms of action and chemistry to address the issue of incorrect use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, which hurts both the environment and the health of humans. In light of this, research was done for this work to isolate, identify, and evaluate the germination-promoting potential of various plant species' fungal endophytes. Zea mays L. (maize) seed germination was examined using spore suspension of 75 different endophytic strains that were identified. Three promising strains were identified through screening to possess the ability mentioned above. These strains Alternaria alternate, Aspergilus flavus, and Aspergillus terreus were isolated from the stem of Tecoma stans, Delonix regia, and Ricinus communis, respectively. The ability of the three endophytic fungal strains to produce siderophore and indole acetic acid (IAA) was also examined. Compared to both Aspergillus flavus as well as Aspergillus terreus, Alternaria alternata recorded the greatest rates of IAA, according to the data that was gathered. On CAS agar versus blue media, all three strains failed to produce siderophores. Moreover, the antioxidant and antifungal potentials of extracts from these fungi were tested against different plant pathogens. The obtained results indicated the antioxidant and antifungal activities of the three fungal strains. GC-Mass studies were carried out to determine the principal components in extracts of all three strains of fungi. The three strains' fungus extracts included both well-known and previously unidentified bioactive compounds. These results may aid in the development of novel plant growth promoters by suggesting three different fungal strains as sources of compounds that may improve seed germination. According to the study that has been given, as unexplored sources of bioactive compounds, fungal endophytes have great potential.
目前迫切需要具有独特作用机制和化学结构的新型生物活性分子，以解决化肥和农药使用不当的问题，这既危害环境，又危害人类健康。有鉴于此，本研究旨在从各种植物的真菌内生菌中分离、鉴定和评估其促进发芽的潜力。采用孢子悬浮液对 75 种不同内生菌进行鉴定，研究了玉米种子的发芽情况。通过筛选，发现有 3 种内生菌具有上述能力。这 3 种菌株分别从使君子、无忧花和蓖麻中分离得到，分别为交替镰刀菌、黄曲霉和土曲霉。还研究了这 3 种内生真菌菌株产生铁载体和吲哚乙酸（IAA）的能力。根据收集到的数据，与黄曲霉和土曲霉相比，交替镰刀菌产生的 IAA 最多。在 CAS 琼脂和蓝色培养基上，所有 3 种菌株均未产生铁载体。此外，还测试了这些真菌提取物对不同植物病原菌的抗氧化和抗真菌活性。获得的结果表明了这 3 种真菌菌株具有抗氧化和抗真菌活性。通过 GC-Mass 研究确定了 3 种真菌菌株提取物中的主要成分。这 3 种真菌菌株的提取物包含了一些已知的和以前未识别的生物活性化合物。这些结果可能有助于开发新型植物生长促进剂，因为这 3 种真菌菌株可以作为提高种子发芽的化合物来源。从这项研究可以看出，真菌内生菌作为生物活性化合物的未开发来源具有很大的潜力。
