Plant Research Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2022 Jul 23;12(1):12611. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-16269-1.
A number of biopigment applications in various industrial sectors are gaining importance due to the growing consumer interest in their natural origin. Thus, this work was conducted to valorize endophytic fungi as an efficient production platform for natural pigments. A promising strain isolated from leaves of Origanum majorana was identified as Monascus ruber SRZ112 produced several types of pigments. The nature of the pigments, mainly rubropunctamine, monascin, ankaflavin, rubropunctatin, and monascorubrin in the fungal extract was studied by LC/ESI-MS/MS analyses. As a first step towards developing an efficient production of red pigments, the suitability of seven types of agro-industrial waste was evaluated. The highest yield of red pigments was obtained using potato peel moistened with mineral salt broth as a culture medium. To increase yield of red pigments, favourable culture conditions including incubation temperature, incubation period, pH of moistening agent, inoculum concentration, substrate weight and moisture level were evaluated. Additionally, yield of red pigments was intensified after the exposure of M. ruber SRZ112 spores to 1.00 KGy gamma rays. The final yield was improved by a 22.12-fold increase from 23.55 to 3351.87 AU g. The anticancer and antioxidant properties of the pigment's extract from the fungal culture were also studied. The obtained data indicated activity of the extract against human breast cancer cell lines with no significant cytotoxicity against normal cell lines. The extract also showed a free radical scavenging potential. This is the first report, to our knowledge, on the isolation of the endophytic M. ruber SRZ112 strain with the successful production of natural pigments under solid-state fermentation using potato peel as a substrate.
由于消费者对天然来源的生物色素越来越感兴趣，许多在各个工业领域的生物色素应用变得越来越重要。因此，本工作旨在利用内生真菌作为天然色素的高效生产平台来实现其价值。从马郁兰（Origanum majorana）叶片中分离出的一株有前途的菌株被鉴定为红曲霉 SRZ112，该菌株能够产生多种类型的色素。通过 LC/ESI-MS/MS 分析研究了真菌提取物中主要为rubropunctamine、monascin、ankaflavin、rubropunctatin 和 monascorubrin 的色素性质。作为开发高效生产红色素的第一步，评估了七种类型的农业工业废物的适用性。使用马铃薯皮加湿盐肉汤作为培养基，可获得最高产量的红色素。为了提高红色素的产量，评估了有利的培养条件，包括培养温度、培养时间、润湿剂的 pH 值、接种物浓度、基质重量和水分水平。此外，将红曲霉 SRZ112 孢子暴露于 1.00 KGy 伽马射线后，红色素的产量增加。最终产量从 23.55 AU g 提高到 3351.87 AU g，提高了 22.12 倍。还研究了真菌培养物中色素提取物的抗癌和抗氧化特性。获得的数据表明，该提取物对人乳腺癌细胞系具有活性，对正常细胞系没有明显的细胞毒性。提取物还显示出自由基清除潜力。据我们所知，这是首次报道从内生红曲霉 SRZ112 菌株中分离出来，并成功地在固态发酵中使用马铃薯皮作为基质生产天然色素。
