探讨 Aguas Frescas 在评估墨西哥和墨西哥裔美国成年人含糖饮料摄入量中的作用。

Examining the Role of Aguas Frescas in Assessment of Sugary-Drink Intake among Mexican and Mexican American Adults.

机构信息

Department of Health Promotion, Education, and Behavior, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States.

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States.

出版信息

J Nutr. 2024 Oct;154(10):3116-3124. doi: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.05.027. Epub 2024 Jun 7.

DOI:10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.05.027

PMID:38852856

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11522885/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Aguas frescas are Mexican drinks that are typically made with water, sugar, and fruit. Aguas frescas may be a significant component of sugary-drink intake among Mexican and Mexican-American (MA) adults. However, it is unclear whether survey respondents report aguas frescas consumption when it is not specifically queried in standardized beverage frequency instruments.

OBJECTIVES

This study examined the prevalence of aguas frescas consumption, the sociodemographic correlates of aguas frescas intake, and how specifically querying aguas frescas intake affects sugary-drink estimates among Mexican and MA adults.

METHODS

Cross-sectional, online surveys were conducted in 2021 with 5377 Mexican and 3073 MA adults as part of the International Food Policy Study. Past 7-d consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), sugary drinks, and aguas frescas were assessed along with relevant covariates. Weighted analyses included logistic and linear regression, including models with correlation structure.

RESULTS

An estimated 61.7% of Mexican and 28.7% of MA adults consumed aguas frescas. In Mexico, consumption was associated with females, low education, perceiving oneself as having about the right weight, being good to excellent health, and consuming an unhealthy amount of sugary drinks. For MAs, intake was associated with being younger, speaking Spanish, and perceiving oneself as being underweight or about the right weight. Among Mexican adults who consumed aguas frescas but did not report them unless specifically queried, the volume of SSB intake was 67.9% higher for females and 64.3% higher for males when aguas frescas were included. Among MAs, SSB intake was 56.9% higher for females and 44.1% higher for males. Most participants (79.9%-85.2%) remained in the same sugary-drink tertiles when including compared with excluding aguas frescas.

CONCLUSIONS

Aguas frescas should be queried during beverage intake assessments, as they contribute a nontrivial amount of added sugars to the diets of many Mexican and MA adults.

摘要

背景

Aguas frescas 是墨西哥的一种饮料，通常由水、糖和水果制成。 Aguas frescas 可能是墨西哥和墨西哥裔美国人（MA）成年人含糖饮料摄入量的重要组成部分。然而，目前尚不清楚在标准化饮料频率仪器中未专门询问时，调查对象是否会报告 Aguas frescas 的消费情况。

目的

本研究旨在调查 Aguas frescas 消费的流行率、Aguas frescas 摄入量的社会人口学相关性，以及具体询问 Aguas frescas 摄入量如何影响墨西哥和 MA 成年人的含糖饮料估计值。

方法

2021 年，作为国际粮食政策研究的一部分，进行了横断面在线调查，共有 5377 名墨西哥人和 3073 名 MA 成年人参与。评估了过去 7 天内糖饮料（SSB）、含糖饮料和 Aguas frescas 的消费情况以及相关的协变量。使用包括相关性结构的逻辑和线性回归模型进行加权分析。

结果

估计有 61.7%的墨西哥人和 28.7%的 MA 成年人饮用 Aguas frescas。在墨西哥，消费与女性、低教育程度、自我感觉体重适中、健康状况良好以及消费不健康量的含糖饮料有关。对于 MA 来说，摄入量与年轻、说西班牙语以及自我感觉体重过轻或适中有关。在饮用 Aguas frescas 但除非专门询问否则不报告的墨西哥成年人中，当包括 Aguas frescas 时，女性的 SSB 摄入量增加 67.9%，男性增加 64.3%。对于 MA 来说，女性的 SSB 摄入量增加 56.9%，男性增加 44.1%。当包括 Aguas frescas 与排除 Aguas frescas 相比，大多数参与者（79.9%-85.2%）仍处于相同的含糖饮料三分位数。