Xu Tianyue, Evans M Blair, Benson Alex J
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Organ Psychol Rev. 2024 May;14(2):204-237. doi: 10.1177/20413866231220505. Epub 2023 Dec 19.
Members of small groups fundamentally desire status as status underpins members' self-concept and dictates behavior in groups. Moreover, group members readily orient and update status perceptions that index the social standing of themselves and other members. Yet, our understanding is obscured by variability in how researchers study status. In the current review, we crystallize knowledge regarding the nature of status by characterizing variability in definitions, measures, and analytic frameworks. We advocate a definition of status that draws together attributes of respect, admiration, and voluntary deference. We also distinguish reputational and relational status operationalizations and address implications pertaining to measurement along with downstream decisions involving data management and analysis. We encourage a deliberate approach to ensure congruency in how status is defined, measured, and analyzed within a research program. This review also guides theory and hypothesis generation regarding how status-related processes may vary based on different forms of status or differing contexts.
小群体成员从根本上渴望地位，因为地位支撑着成员的自我概念并支配着群体中的行为。此外，群体成员很容易确定并更新反映自身和其他成员社会地位的地位认知。然而，研究人员对地位的研究方式存在差异，这使我们的理解变得模糊。在当前的综述中，我们通过描述定义、测量方法和分析框架的差异，梳理了有关地位本质的知识。我们提倡一种将尊重、钦佩和自愿顺从等属性结合在一起的地位定义。我们还区分了声誉地位和关系地位的操作化，并讨论了测量的影响以及涉及数据管理和分析的下游决策。我们鼓励采取审慎的方法，以确保在一个研究项目中对地位的定义、测量和分析方式保持一致。本综述还指导了关于与地位相关的过程如何因不同形式的地位或不同背景而有所变化的理论和假设生成。
