青铜时代北亚遗传结构在冶金发展和西伯利亚人群遗传关系中的地位。

Bronze age Northern Eurasian genetics in the context of development of metallurgy and Siberian ancestry.

机构信息

Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany.

Department of Anthropology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.

出版信息

Commun Biol. 2024 Jun 11;7(1):723. doi: 10.1038/s42003-024-06343-x.

DOI:10.1038/s42003-024-06343-x

PMID:38862782

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11166947/

Abstract

The Eurasian Bronze Age (BA) has been described as a period of substantial human migrations, the emergence of pastoralism, horse domestication, and development of metallurgy. This study focuses on two north Eurasian sites sharing Siberian genetic ancestry. One of the sites, Rostovka, is associated with the Seima-Turbino (ST) phenomenon (~2200-1900 BCE) that is characterized by elaborate metallurgical objects found throughout Northern Eurasia. The genetic profiles of Rostovka individuals vary widely along the forest-tundra Siberian genetic cline represented by many modern Uralic-speaking populations, and the genetic heterogeneity observed is consistent with the current understanding of the ST being a transcultural phenomenon. Individuals from the second site, Bolshoy Oleni Ostrov in Kola, in comparison form a tighter cluster on the Siberian ancestry cline. We further explore this Siberian ancestry profile and assess the role of the ST phenomenon and other contemporaneous BA cultures in the spread of Uralic languages and Siberian ancestry.

摘要

欧亚青铜时代（BA）被描述为人类大规模迁徙、畜牧业出现、马驯化以及冶金术发展的时期。本研究关注两个具有西伯利亚遗传背景的北亚遗址。其中一个遗址罗斯托夫卡（Rostovka）与塞伊玛-图尔宾诺（Seima-Turbino，简称 ST）现象有关，该现象的特点是在整个北亚发现了精美的冶金制品。罗斯托夫卡个体的遗传特征沿着西伯利亚遗传梯度变化很大，这一梯度由许多现代乌拉尔语系人群代表，而观察到的遗传异质性与当前对 ST 是一种跨文化现象的理解是一致的。相比之下，来自科拉半岛大奥伦尼岛（Bolshoy Oleni Ostrov）的个体在西伯利亚祖先梯度上形成了一个更紧密的聚类。我们进一步探讨了这一西伯利亚祖先的特征，并评估了 ST 现象和其他同期 BA 文化在乌拉尔语系和西伯利亚祖先传播中的作用。