School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Se-yuan Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, 210029, China.
School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qi-xiu Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, 226001, China.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2024 Jun 12;24(1):723. doi: 10.1186/s12913-024-11168-9.
As the population ages, senior care for older adults in China has become increasingly important and has attracted the attention of both government and society. This study aimed to explore preferences and influencing factors related to senior care among older Chinese adults and thus propose effective and targeted strategies for the development of a comprehensive care system for older adults in the aging Chinese population.
Data were obtained from a cross-sectional survey conducted in sixteen communities or villages in Jiangsu Province, China, from July to September 2021. Guided by the Andersen Behavioral Model, multivariate logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with preferences for senior care arrangements.
A total of 870 respondents were included in the study, 60.11% of whom preferred receiving care in their own homes, while only 13.68% chose residential care facilities (RCFs). For predisposing factors, rural respondents preferred receiving care in their own homes compared to urban respondents (children's home: OR = 0.55, P < 0.01; RCF: OR = 0.58, P < 0.01). Concerning enabling factors, respondents who were not employed (OR = 2.30, P < 0.01) and those without financial support (OR = 2.73, P < 0.05) preferred RCFs to their own homes. Respondents receiving life assistance (sometimes: OR = 2.76, P < 0.001; regularly: OR = 2.57, P < 0.01; every day: OR = 3.57, P < 0.001) preferred their children's homes to their own homes. In terms of need factors, respondents with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs, OR > 1, P < 0.05), those who knew about RCFs (some: OR = 0.53, P < 0.005; no: OR = 0.10, P < 0.001) and those with a good impression of RCFs (fair: OR = 3.72, P < 0.05; good: OR = 11.91, P < 0.001) preferred receiving care in RCFs compared to their counterparts.
Older Chinese adults' senior care preferences were affected by predisposing factors, enabling factors, and need factors. Policy-makers should consider targeted measures to identify more precise senior care services and thus address aging challenges in China.
随着人口老龄化，中国老年人的养老问题日益重要，引起了政府和社会的关注。本研究旨在探讨中国老年人对养老的偏好及其影响因素，从而为老龄化背景下中国老年人全面护理体系的发展提出有效、有针对性的策略。
数据来自于 2021 年 7 月至 9 月在中国江苏省的 16 个社区或村庄进行的横断面调查。本研究采用多变量逻辑回归分析方法，根据安德森行为模型，分析与养老偏好相关的因素。
共纳入 870 名研究对象，其中 60.11%的人更喜欢在家中接受护理，而仅有 13.68%的人选择入住养老院。在倾向因素方面，农村受访者比城市受访者更倾向于在家中接受护理（子女家：OR=0.55，P<0.01；养老院：OR=0.58，P<0.01）。在促成因素方面，未就业（OR=2.30，P<0.01）和无经济支持（OR=2.73，P<0.05）的受访者更倾向于选择养老院而非居家养老。接受生活援助（有时：OR=2.76，P<0.001；定期：OR=2.57，P<0.01；每天：OR=3.57，P<0.001）的受访者更倾向于选择子女家而非居家养老。在需求因素方面，患有非传染性疾病（OR>1，P<0.05）、了解养老院（部分了解：OR=0.53，P<0.005；不了解：OR=0.10，P<0.001）和对养老院评价较好（一般：OR=3.72，P<0.05；良好：OR=11.91，P<0.001）的受访者更倾向于选择养老院而非居家养老。
中国老年人的养老偏好受到倾向因素、促成因素和需求因素的影响。决策者应考虑采取有针对性的措施，以确定更精确的养老服务，从而应对中国的老龄化挑战。
