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研究老年受抚养者护理偏好与护理方式的匹配情况,及其与满意度和幸福感的关联。

Examining the matching of care preferences and care modalities for older dependents, and its association with satisfaction and wellbeing.

作者信息

Julià Albert, Gallo Pedro, Marí-Klose Marga, Escapa Sandra

机构信息

Department of Sociology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

出版信息

BMC Geriatr. 2025 Feb 21;25(1):119. doi: 10.1186/s12877-025-05749-4.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

As societies age, ensuring the quality of life of dependent individuals has become a pressing concern, affecting an increasing large segment of the population. Understanding whether dependent individuals receive the type of care they prefer is central to their well-being. However, there is limited evidence regarding the alignment between care preferences and the care arrangements received by dependent persons. This article aims to provide new insights into how individual and contextual factors are associated to the match -or mismatch- between care preferences and current care arrangements, as well as its implications for individuals' well-being and satisfaction with care.

METHODS

We use data from the 2023 Survey of Older People with Functional Dependency, which includes a representative sample (n = 1,600, with 992 self-respondents) of dependent individuals aged 65 and over in Barcelona, Spain. Logistic regression models are used to estimate the associations between dependent individuals' characteristics and their care preferences, as well as the matching between these preferences and their current care arrangements. We further examine how this alignment relates to satisfaction and well-being.

RESULTS

Care preferences differ based on sex, household size, level of dependency, and household income. Approximately 70 per cent of older dependents report that their current care arrangements do not match their care preferences. Older dependent women and those over 85 are less likely to have care arrangements aligned with their preferences. Living with others in the household increases the likelihood of alignment between preferences and care provision. While no significant association was found between alignment and well-being indicators, we observed that care match enhances individuals' satisfaction with care they receive.

CONCLUSIONS

Older dependent individuals' preferences for care provision often do not match their current care arrangements. Both individual and contextual factors could explain this phenomenon. The widespread preference for receiving care at home highlights the need for social policies that promote home-based solutions. As family support for dependent individuals becomes less available, and given the significant burden this may place for family caregivers, there is a growing need to develop flexible, personalized, and sustainable care strategies.

摘要

背景

随着社会老龄化,确保受抚养者的生活质量已成为一个紧迫问题,影响着越来越多的人口。了解受抚养者是否得到他们所偏好的护理类型对于他们的幸福至关重要。然而,关于护理偏好与受抚养者所接受的护理安排之间的一致性的证据有限。本文旨在提供新的见解,探讨个人因素和背景因素如何与护理偏好和当前护理安排之间的匹配或不匹配相关联,以及其对个人幸福和护理满意度的影响。

方法

我们使用了2023年功能依赖老年人调查的数据,该调查包括西班牙巴塞罗那65岁及以上受抚养者的代表性样本(n = 1600,其中992人自行回复)。逻辑回归模型用于估计受抚养者的特征与其护理偏好之间的关联,以及这些偏好与他们当前护理安排之间的匹配情况。我们进一步研究这种一致性如何与满意度和幸福感相关。

结果

护理偏好因性别、家庭规模、依赖程度和家庭收入而异。约70%的老年受抚养者报告称他们目前的护理安排与他们的护理偏好不匹配。老年受抚养女性和85岁以上的人不太可能有与其偏好相符的护理安排。与家庭中的其他人一起生活增加了偏好与护理提供之间匹配的可能性。虽然在一致性与幸福指标之间未发现显著关联,但我们观察到护理匹配会提高个人对所接受护理 的满意度。

结论

老年受抚养者对护理提供的偏好往往与他们当前的护理安排不匹配。个人因素和背景因素都可以解释这一现象。对在家中接受护理的广泛偏好凸显了促进居家解决方案的社会政策的必要性。随着家庭对受抚养者的支持变得越来越少,并且考虑到这可能给家庭照顾者带来的巨大负担,越来越需要制定灵活、个性化和可持续的护理策略。

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