Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Graduate School of Health Management, Keio University, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan.
BMJ Open. 2024 Jun 12;14(6):e082984. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082984.
Numerous reports have described injuries and illnesses in competitive athletes, but studies on leisure-time physical activity and associated adverse events in the general population have not been adequately reviewed. This study aimed to summarise the previous findings on this topic.
Scoping review.
PubMed and Ichushi-Web for articles in English and Japanese, respectively (13 April 2023).
Articles on adverse events related to sports performed by 'individuals and groups active in the community' were included, whereas those on elite athletes, exercise therapy and rehabilitation, and school sports were excluded. Terms related to physical activity, exercise, sports and adverse events were used for the search strategies.
The literature search yielded 67 eligible articles. Most articles were from the USA, Japan and Australia. Running, scuba diving, rugby and soccer were the most commonly reported sports. Adults were the most common age category in the samples. The most commonly reported adverse events were injuries; only 10 articles reported diseases. 13 longitudinal studies reported the frequency of adverse events based on the number of events/participants×exposure.
Adverse events such as sports trauma, disability and certain diseases occur sometimes during sporting activities by residents; however, the articles identified in this review showed biases related to the countries and regions where they were published and the sports disciplines and types of adverse events reported, and articles reporting the frequency of adverse events were also limited. This highlights the need for more high-quality observational studies on diverse populations in the future.
已有大量报告描述了竞技运动员的损伤和疾病，但针对普通人群休闲时间体力活动及相关不良事件的研究尚未得到充分审查。本研究旨在总结该主题的先前研究结果。
范围综述。
分别在 PubMed 和 Ichushi-Web 中检索英文和日文文献（2023 年 4 月 13 日）。
纳入与“社区中活跃的个人和群体”进行的体育活动相关不良事件的文章，排除精英运动员、运动疗法和康复以及学校体育的文章。使用与体力活动、运动和不良事件相关的术语制定检索策略。
文献检索得到 67 篇符合条件的文章。大多数文章来自美国、日本和澳大利亚。跑步、水肺潜水、橄榄球和足球是最常报告的运动。样本中最常见的年龄组为成年人。最常报告的不良事件是损伤；仅有 10 篇文章报告了疾病。13 项纵向研究根据不良事件数量/参与者×暴露来报告不良事件的频率。
居民在体育活动中有时会发生不良事件，如运动创伤、残疾和某些疾病；但本综述中确定的文章存在与发表国家和地区、报告的运动学科和不良事件类型相关的偏倚，且报告不良事件频率的文章也有限。这突显了未来需要在更多不同人群中开展更多高质量的观察性研究。
