Li Dan, Chen Liheng
Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang 515200, China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Biorefinery, School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2024 May 30;14(11):957. doi: 10.3390/nano14110957.
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria necessitates the development of novel, sustainable, and biocompatible antibacterial agents. This study addresses cytotoxicity and environmental concerns associated with traditional silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by exploring lignin, a readily available and renewable biopolymer, as a platform for AgNPs. We present a novel one-pot synthesis method for lignin-based AgNPs (AgNPs@AL) nanocomposites, achieving rapid synthesis within 5 min. This method utilizes various organic solvents, demonstrating remarkable adaptability to a wide range of lignin-dissolving systems. Characterization reveals uniform AgNP size distribution and morphology influenced by the chosen solvent. This adaptability suggests the potential for incorporating lignin-loaded antibacterial drugs alongside AgNPs, enabling combined therapy in a single nanocomposite. Antibacterial assays demonstrate exceptional efficacy against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, with gamma-valerolactone (GVL)-assisted synthesized AgNPs exhibiting the most potent effect. Mechanistic studies suggest a combination of factors contributes to the antibacterial activity, including direct membrane damage caused by AgNPs and sustained silver ion release, ultimately leading to bacterial cell death. This work presents a straightforward, adaptable, and rapid approach for synthesizing biocompatible AgNPs@AL nanocomposites with outstanding antibacterial activity. These findings offer a promising and sustainable alternative to traditional antibiotics, contributing to the fight against antibiotic resistance while minimizing environmental impact.
抗生素耐药细菌的出现使得开发新型、可持续且生物相容的抗菌剂成为必要。本研究通过探索木质素（一种易于获取且可再生的生物聚合物）作为银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）的平台，解决了与传统银纳米颗粒相关的细胞毒性和环境问题。我们提出了一种基于木质素的AgNPs（AgNPs@AL）纳米复合材料的新型一锅法合成方法，可在5分钟内实现快速合成。该方法利用了各种有机溶剂，对广泛的木质素溶解体系具有显著的适应性。表征显示，所选择的溶剂会影响AgNP的尺寸分布和形态，使其具有均匀性。这种适应性表明，有可能将负载木质素的抗菌药物与AgNPs一起纳入，从而在单一纳米复合材料中实现联合治疗。抗菌试验表明，该纳米复合材料对革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌均具有卓越的抗菌效果，其中γ-戊内酯（GVL）辅助合成的AgNPs表现出最强的效果。机理研究表明，多种因素共同促成了抗菌活性，包括AgNPs引起的确切膜损伤和持续的银离子释放，最终导致细菌细胞死亡。这项工作提出了一种简单、适应性强且快速的方法来合成具有出色抗菌活性的生物相容性AgNPs@AL纳米复合材料。这些发现为传统抗生素提供了一种有前景且可持续的替代方案，有助于对抗抗生素耐药性，同时将环境影响降至最低。
