Ullah Sami, Khalid Rimsha, Rehman Muhammad F, Irfan Muhammad I, Abbas Azhar, Alhoshani Ali, Anwar Farooq, Amin Hatem M A
Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Front Chem. 2023 May 30;11:1202252. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1202252. eCollection 2023.
The green synthesis of nanomaterials is of utmost interest as it offers an eco-friendly approach over chemical synthetic routes. However, the reported biosynthesis methods are often time-consuming and require heating or mechanical stirring. The current study reports a facile one-pot biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) mediated by olive fruit extract (OFE) and sunlight irradiation of only 20 s. OFE acts as both a reducing and a capping agent for the formation of OFE-capped AgNPs (AgNPs@OFE). The as-synthesized NPs were systematically characterized by UV-vis spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electrochemical microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and cyclic voltammetry. SEM images confirmed the successful formation of monodispersed spherical AgNPs@OFE of approximately 77 nm. FTIR spectroscopy suggested the involvement of functional groups of phytochemicals from the OFE in the capping and reduction of Ag to Ag. The particles revealed excellent colloidal stability as evidenced from the high zeta potential (ZP) value (-40 mV). Interestingly, using the disk diffusion method, AgNPs@OFE revealed higher inhibition efficiency against Gram-negative bacteria (, , and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) ) than Gram-positive bacteria (), with showing the highest inhibition zone of 27 mm. In addition, AgNPs@OFE exhibited maximum potent antioxidant scavenging potential against HO, followed by DPPH, O , and OH free radicals. Overall, OFE can be considered an effective source for the sustainable production of stable AgNPs with potential antioxidant and antibacterial activities for biomedical applications.
纳米材料的绿色合成备受关注，因为与化学合成路线相比，它提供了一种环保的方法。然而，已报道的生物合成方法通常耗时，并且需要加热或机械搅拌。当前的研究报道了一种简便的一锅法生物合成银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）的方法，该方法由橄榄果提取物（OFE）介导，仅需20秒的阳光照射。OFE在形成OFE包覆的AgNPs（AgNPs@OFE）过程中既作为还原剂又作为封端剂。通过紫外可见光谱、傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱、能量色散X射线扫描电化学显微镜（SEM-EDX）、X射线衍射（XRD）、动态光散射（DLS）和循环伏安法对合成的纳米颗粒进行了系统表征。SEM图像证实成功形成了尺寸约为77nm的单分散球形AgNPs@OFE。FTIR光谱表明，OFE中植物化学物质的官能团参与了将Ag还原并封端为Ag的过程。从高zeta电位（ZP）值（-40mV）可以看出，这些颗粒具有出色的胶体稳定性。有趣的是，使用纸片扩散法，AgNPs@OFE对革兰氏阴性菌（大肠杆菌、肺炎克雷伯菌和广泛耐药菌（XDR）鲍曼不动杆菌）的抑制效率高于革兰氏阳性菌（金黄色葡萄球菌），其中鲍曼不动杆菌的抑菌圈最大，为27mm。此外，AgNPs@OFE对羟基自由基（·OH）表现出最大的抗氧化清除潜力，其次是对二苯基苦味酰基自由基（DPPH）、超氧阴离子自由基（O₂·-）和羟自由基（·OH）。总体而言，OFE可被视为可持续生产具有潜在抗氧化和抗菌活性的稳定AgNPs的有效来源，用于生物医学应用。
