State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, Guangxi, 530001, China.
Vet Res Commun. 2024 Aug;48(4):2537-2553. doi: 10.1007/s11259-024-10438-5. Epub 2024 Jun 14.
Mastitis is one of the most serious diseases that threatens the health of dairy animals. The somatic cell count (SCC) in milk is widely used to monitor mastitis. This study aimed to reveal the diversity of microorganisms in buffalo milk with high somatic cell count (SCC ≥ 3 × 10 cells/mL, n = 30) and low somatic cell count (SCC ≤ 5 × 10 cells/mL, n = 10), and identify the dominant bacteria that cause mastitis in a local buffalo farm. We also investigated the potential method to treat bacterial mastitis. The V3-V4 region of 16 S rDNA was sequenced. Results showed that, compared to the milk with low SCC, the high SCC samples showed lower microbial diversity, but a high abundance of bacteria and operational taxonomic units (OTUs). By in vitro isolation and culture, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were found to be the leading pathogens, which is consistent with the 16 S rDNA sequencing data. We further isolated 3 of the main pathogens and established a pathogen detection method based on ELISA. In addition, the antibacterial effects of 10 antimicrobials and 15 Chinese herbal extracts were also investigated. Results showed that the microbial has developed tolerance to several of the antimicrobials. While the water extracts of Chinese herbal medicine such as Galla Chinensis, Coptis chinensis Franch, Terminalia chebula Retz, and Sanguisorba officinalis L can effectively inhibit the growth of main pathogens. This study provides novel insight into the microbial diversity in buffalo milk and a reference for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of mastitis.
乳腺炎是威胁奶牛健康的最严重疾病之一。牛奶中的体细胞计数（SCC）被广泛用于监测乳腺炎。本研究旨在揭示高体细胞计数（SCC≥3×10 细胞/ml，n=30）和低体细胞计数（SCC≤5×10 细胞/ml，n=10）的水牛乳中微生物的多样性，并确定引起当地水牛乳腺炎的优势细菌。我们还研究了治疗细菌性乳腺炎的潜在方法。对 16S rDNA 的 V3-V4 区进行了测序。结果表明，与低 SCC 牛奶相比，高 SCC 样品的微生物多样性较低，但细菌和操作分类单元（OTU）的丰度较高。通过体外分离和培养，发现大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎克雷伯菌是主要病原体，这与 16S rDNA 测序数据一致。我们进一步分离出 3 种主要病原体，并建立了基于 ELISA 的病原体检测方法。此外，还研究了 10 种抗菌药物和 15 种中药提取物的抗菌效果。结果表明，微生物对几种抗菌药物已产生耐药性。而五倍子、黄连、诃子和地榆等中药水提物可有效抑制主要病原体的生长。本研究为水牛乳微生物多样性提供了新的见解，为乳腺炎的预防、诊断和治疗提供了参考。
