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遗传和环境相互作用导致野生动物化小鼠的免疫变异。

Genetic and environmental interactions contribute to immune variation in rewilded mice.

机构信息

Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.

出版信息

Nat Immunol. 2024 Jul;25(7):1270-1282. doi: 10.1038/s41590-024-01862-5. Epub 2024 Jun 14.

DOI:10.1038/s41590-024-01862-5
PMID:38877178
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11224019/
Abstract

The relative and synergistic contributions of genetics and environment to interindividual immune response variation remain unclear, despite implications in evolutionary biology and medicine. Here we quantify interactive effects of genotype and environment on immune traits by investigating C57BL/6, 129S1 and PWK/PhJ inbred mice, rewilded in an outdoor enclosure and infected with the parasite Trichuris muris. Whereas cellular composition was shaped by interactions between genotype and environment, cytokine response heterogeneity including IFNγ concentrations was primarily driven by genotype with consequence on worm burden. In addition, we show that other traits, such as expression of CD44, were explained mostly by genetics on T cells, whereas expression of CD44 on B cells was explained more by environment across all strains. Notably, genetic differences under laboratory conditions were decreased following rewilding. These results indicate that nonheritable influences interact with genetic factors to shape immune variation and parasite burden.

摘要

尽管在进化生物学和医学方面具有重要意义，但遗传和环境对个体间免疫反应变异的相对和协同贡献仍不清楚。在这里，我们通过调查在户外围栏中重新野化并感染寄生虫旋毛虫的 C57BL/6、129S1 和 PWK/PhJ 近交系小鼠，量化了基因型和环境对免疫特征的相互作用。尽管细胞组成受到基因型和环境相互作用的影响，但细胞因子反应异质性（包括 IFNγ 浓度）主要受基因型驱动，并对蠕虫负荷产生影响。此外，我们还表明，其他特征，如 CD44 的表达，在 T 细胞上主要由遗传决定，而在所有菌株中，B 细胞上 CD44 的表达则更多地由环境决定。值得注意的是，实验室条件下的遗传差异在重新野化后降低了。这些结果表明，非遗传性影响与遗传因素相互作用，塑造了免疫变异和寄生虫负担。

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Modelling human immune responses using microbial exposures in rodents.利用啮齿动物中的微生物暴露来模拟人类免疫反应。
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