Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 193 Lianhe Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, China.
Dalian Innovation Institute of Stem Cell and Precision Medicine, No. 57 Xinda Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116085, China.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2024 Jun 18;22(1):340. doi: 10.1186/s12951-024-02611-4.
Recently, the significant benefits of cancer immunotherapy for most cancers have been demonstrated in clinical and preclinical studies. However, the efficacy of these immunotherapies for gliomas is limited, owing to restricted drug delivery and insufficient immune activation. As drug carriers, exosomes offer the advantages of low toxicity, good biocompatibility, and intrinsic cell targeting, which could enhance glioma immunotherapy efficacy. However, a review of exosome-based drug delivery systems for glioma immunotherapy has not been presented. This review introduces the current problems in glioma immunotherapy and the role of exosomes in addressing these issues. Meanwhile, preparation and application strategies of exosome-based drug delivery systems for glioma immunotherapy are discussed, especially for enhancing immunogenicity and reversing the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Finally, we briefly describe the challenges of exosome-based drug delivery systems in clinical translation. We anticipate that this review will guide the use of exosomes as drug carriers for glioma immunotherapy.
近年来，临床和临床前研究已经证明了癌症免疫疗法对大多数癌症的显著益处。然而，由于药物递送受限和免疫激活不足，这些免疫疗法对神经胶质瘤的疗效有限。作为药物载体，外泌体具有低毒性、良好的生物相容性和内在的细胞靶向性等优点，可增强神经胶质瘤的免疫治疗效果。然而，目前尚未有关于基于外泌体的药物递送系统用于神经胶质瘤免疫治疗的综述。本综述介绍了神经胶质瘤免疫治疗中存在的问题以及外泌体在解决这些问题中的作用。同时，讨论了基于外泌体的药物递送系统用于神经胶质瘤免疫治疗的制备和应用策略，特别是用于增强免疫原性和逆转免疫抑制性肿瘤微环境。最后，我们简要描述了外泌体药物递送系统在临床转化中面临的挑战。我们期望本综述将指导外泌体作为药物载体用于神经胶质瘤的免疫治疗。
