Rong Wenwen, Huang Xiang, Hu Shanchao, Zhang Xingxin, Jiang Ping, Niu Panxin, Su Jinjuan, Wang Mei, Chu Guangming
Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, China.
College of Grassland Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Plants (Basel). 2024 May 21;13(11):1424. doi: 10.3390/plants13111424.
L., a perennial herb in the arid and semi-arid regions of northwest China, has the ecological functions of windbreaking and sand fixation and high medicinal value. In recent years, global warming and human activities have led to changes in suitable habitats for , which may affect the accumulation of natural products. In this study, MaxEnt 3.4 and ArcGIS 10.4 software were used to predict the distribution of potentially suitable habitats for in China under climate change. Furthermore, the geographical distribution of as affected by human activities, the differences in the content of natural products of between different suitable habitats, and the correlation between natural products and environmental factors were analyzed. The results showed that suitable habitats for were projected to expand in the future, and the major environmental factors were temperature (Bio1), rainfall (Bio18), and soil pH (pH). When Bio1, Bio18, and pH were 8.4283 °C, 7.1968 mm, and 9.9331, respectively, the distribution probability () of was the highest. After adding a human activity factor, the accuracy of the model prediction results was improved, and the area of suitable habitats was greatly reduced, showing a fragmented pattern. Meanwhile, habitat suitability had a specific effect on the content of natural products in . Specifically, the content of natural products in in wild habitats was higher than that in artificial cultivation, and highly suitable habitats showed higher contents than those in non-highly suitable habitats. The contents of total alkaloids and total flavonoids were positively correlated with human activities and negatively correlated with land use types. Among them, total alkaloids were negatively correlated with aspect, and total flavonoids were positively correlated with aspect. In addition, it is suggested that Xinjiang should be the priority planting area for in China, and priority should be given to protection measures in the Alashan area. Overall, this study provides an important foundation for the determination of priority planting areas and resource protection for .
L.是中国西北干旱和半干旱地区的一种多年生草本植物，具有防风固沙的生态功能和很高的药用价值。近年来，全球变暖和人类活动导致了L.适宜栖息地的变化，这可能会影响天然产物的积累。本研究利用MaxEnt 3.4和ArcGIS 10.4软件预测气候变化下中国L.潜在适宜栖息地的分布。此外，分析了受人类活动影响的L.地理分布、不同适宜栖息地L.天然产物含量的差异以及天然产物与环境因子之间的相关性。结果表明，L.适宜栖息地预计未来会扩大，主要环境因子为温度（Bio1）、降雨量（Bio18）和土壤pH值（pH）。当Bio1、Bio18和pH分别为8.4283℃、7.1968mm和9.9331时，L.的分布概率（）最高。加入人类活动因子后，模型预测结果的准确性提高，适宜栖息地面积大幅减少，呈现碎片化格局。同时，栖息地适宜性对L.天然产物含量有特定影响。具体而言，野生栖息地L.的天然产物含量高于人工栽培，高度适宜栖息地的含量高于非高度适宜栖息地。总生物碱和总黄酮含量与人类活动呈正相关，与土地利用类型呈负相关。其中，总生物碱与坡向呈负相关，总黄酮与坡向呈正相关。此外，建议新疆应成为中国L.的优先种植区，阿拉善地区应优先采取保护措施。总体而言，本研究为L.优先种植区的确定和资源保护提供了重要依据。
