Idziak Robert, Waligóra Hubert, Majchrzak Leszek, Szulc Piotr
Department of Agronomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznan, Poland.
Plants (Basel). 2024 May 27;13(11):1480. doi: 10.3390/plants13111480.
A field study in the years 2017-2019 was carried out to evaluate the impact of novel adjuvant formulations on the efficacy of sulfonylurea and synthetic auxin herbicides. Treatments included nicosulfuron + rimsulfuron + dicamba (N+R+D) at full and reduced rates with three multicomponent (TEST-1, TEST-2, TEST-3) as well as standard (MSO, S) adjuvants. In this greenhouse study, seeds were planted and treated with N+R+D at 2-3 leaf stages. The water with the desired pH (4, 7, and 9) for the preparation of the spray liquid was prepared by incorporating citric acid or KPO to either lower or raise the pH of the water. Adjuvant TEST-1 added to the spray liquid at pH 4 increased the effectiveness to 68%, TEST-2 to 81%, and TEST-3 to 80%, compared to 73% and 66% with the MSO and S. The efficacy of N+R+D at pH 7 with TEST-1 increased to 83%, TEST-2 to 82%, and TEST-3 to 77%, but with MSO, it increased to 81%, and 71% with S. Adjuvants TEST-1, TEST-2, and TEST-3 in the liquid at pH 9 increased efficacy to 76 and 80%, compared to 79 and 63% with MSO or S adjuvants. N+R+D applied with TEST-1, TEST-2, and TEST-3 provided greater weed control than herbicides with surfactant (S) and similar or even better than with standard methylated seed oil (MSO) adjuvants. Maize grain yield after herbicide-with-tested-adjuvant application was higher than from an untreated check, and comparable to yield from herbicide-with-MSO treatment, but higher than from S treatment.
2017年至2019年开展了一项田间研究，以评估新型助剂配方对磺酰脲类和合成生长素类除草剂药效的影响。处理包括使用三种多组分（TEST - 1、TEST - 2、TEST - 3）以及标准（MSO、S）助剂的烟嘧磺隆+砜嘧磺隆+麦草畏（N+R+D）全量和减量施药。在这项温室研究中，种子在2至3叶期播种并用N+R+D进行处理。通过加入柠檬酸或磷酸钾来制备所需pH值（4、7和9）的喷雾液用水，以降低或提高水的pH值。在pH值为4的喷雾液中添加助剂TEST - 1，除草效果提高到68%，TEST - 2提高到81%，TEST - 3提高到80%，而使用MSO和S时分别为73%和66%。在pH值为7时，使用TEST - 1，N+R+D的药效提高到83%，TEST - 2提高到82%，TEST - 3提高到77%，但使用MSO时提高到81%，使用S时提高到71%。在pH值为9的液体中，助剂TEST - 1、TEST - 2和TEST - 3使药效提高到76%和80%，而使用MSO或S助剂时分别为79%和63%。与使用表面活性剂（S）的除草剂相比，使用TEST - 1、TEST - 2和TEST - 3的N+R+D提供了更好的杂草防除效果，与使用标准甲基化种子油（MSO）助剂的除草剂相似甚至更好。施用含测试助剂除草剂后的玉米籽粒产量高于未处理对照，与施用含MSO除草剂的产量相当，但高于施用含S除草剂的产量。
