Dipartimento di Scienze Della Salute, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases-IRCAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
Nutrients. 2022 Apr 8;14(8):1554. doi: 10.3390/nu14081554.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the joints. The multifactorial etiopathogenesis of RA has been heavily investigated, but is still only partially understood. Diet can represent both a risk factor and a protective factor, based on some evidence that suggests specific properties of certain foods and their ability to increase/reduce inflammation. To date, the studies done on this topic provide discordant results and are heterogeneous in terms of design and cohort size. In this work, we investigated for the first time the relationship between nutrition and the risk of RA onset using a sample size of about half a million subjects from one of the largest publicly available biobanks that is the UK biobank. Results showed that oily fish, alcohol, coffee and breakfast cereals have protective roles in RA; whereas, tea can increase the risk of RA. In conclusion, the obtained results confirm that diet plays key roles in RA, either by promoting or by preventing RA onset and development. Future research should focus on unravelling the effects of dietary habits on immune-mediated diseases to establish better preventive strategies.
类风湿关节炎（RA）是一种影响关节的慢性炎症性疾病。RA 的多因素发病机制已经得到了深入研究，但仍只是部分了解。饮食可以既是一个危险因素，也是一个保护因素，因为有一些证据表明某些食物的特性及其增加/减少炎症的能力。迄今为止，关于这个主题的研究提供了不一致的结果，并且在设计和队列规模方面存在异质性。在这项工作中，我们首次使用来自英国生物库（UK biobank）的一个最大的公开生物库之一的大约五十万名受试者的样本量，研究了营养与 RA 发病风险之间的关系。结果表明，油性鱼类、酒精、咖啡和早餐麦片对 RA 具有保护作用；而茶可能会增加 RA 的风险。总之，所得结果证实饮食在 RA 中起着关键作用，无论是通过促进还是预防 RA 的发病和发展。未来的研究应侧重于揭示饮食习惯对免疫介导性疾病的影响，以制定更好的预防策略。
