Kannan Neha, Ramalingam Karthikeyan, Ramani Pratibha, Krishnan Murugesan
Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND.
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND.
Cureus. 2024 May 18;16(5):e60574. doi: 10.7759/cureus.60574. eCollection 2024 May.
Background Head and neck bone pathologies cover various conditions with diverse causes. Infections like osteomyelitis and dental abscesses can spread to soft tissues and bones, causing tissue death, inflammation, and systemic effects. Benign and malignant tumors can develop from soft tissue, cartilage, or bone, posing challenges for diagnosis and treatment. Studies on their prevalence in local populations are rare, obscuring our understanding of regional health dynamics. Aim In this study, we aimed to assess the prevalence of bone pathologies documented over the last three years from 2021 to 2023. Materials and methods Histopathologically confirmed cases of bone pathologies at Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India, were gathered from the institutional database (DIAS: Dental Information Archiving Software) from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2023. They were categorized into groups of infectious and inflammatory lesions, fibro-osseous lesions, malignancies originating from bone, malignancies invading bone, and miscellaneous conditions. The data was then compiled into a Google spreadsheet (Google, Inc., Mountain View, USA) for further analysis. Graphs were created to visualize the prevalence of bone pathologies enabling a descriptive exploration of temporal trends. Results A total of 2626 biopsy records were reviewed. Among these, 242 (9.21%) cases of bone-related pathologies were included, and the remaining 2384 (90.79%) entities without any mention of bone were excluded. Overall, considering all three years, 43.8% (100) bone-related lesions were reported in 2021, 30.3% (77) in 2022 and 25.9% (65) in the year 2023. Under each category, infectious and inflammatory lesions for 40.5% (98), fibro-osseous lesions for 14.9% (36), benign lesions for 2.9% (7), malignancies originating from bone for 1.7% (4), malignancies invading bone for 38% (93), and miscellaneous conditions for 1.65% (4) were reported. The highest number of infectious and inflammatory pathologies (53%) were reported in 2021. A steep fall was observed in 2022 and 2023 under the infectious and inflammatory category. The malignancies invading the bone showed almost similar distribution in all three years. Conclusion The observed variations highlight the unpredictability of bone pathologies, involving the jaw bones. We emphasize continuous observation and analysis to comprehend changing patterns in bone health.
背景 头颈部骨骼病变涵盖多种病因各异的病症。诸如骨髓炎和牙脓肿等感染可蔓延至软组织和骨骼，导致组织坏死、炎症及全身影响。良性和恶性肿瘤可起源于软组织、软骨或骨骼，给诊断和治疗带来挑战。关于其在当地人群中的患病率的研究较为罕见，这使我们对区域健康动态的理解变得模糊。目的 在本研究中，我们旨在评估2021年至2023年过去三年中记录的骨骼病变的患病率。材料与方法 从印度钦奈萨维塔大学萨维塔医学与技术科学研究所萨维塔牙科学院及医院的机构数据库（DIAS：牙科信息存档软件）中收集2021年1月1日至2023年12月31日经组织病理学确诊的骨骼病变病例。它们被分为感染性和炎性病变、纤维骨性病变、起源于骨骼的恶性肿瘤、侵犯骨骼的恶性肿瘤以及其他病症组。然后将数据整理到谷歌电子表格（谷歌公司，美国山景城）中进行进一步分析。绘制图表以直观呈现骨骼病变的患病率，从而对时间趋势进行描述性探索。结果 共审查了2626份活检记录。其中，纳入了242例（9.21%）与骨骼相关的病变病例，其余2384例（90.79%）未提及任何骨骼的病例被排除。总体而言，考虑到这三年，2021年报告了43.8%（100例）与骨骼相关的病变，2022年为30.3%（77例），2023年为25.9%（65例）。在每个类别中，感染性和炎性病变报告了40.5%（98例），纤维骨性病变报告了14.9%（36例），良性病变报告了2.9%（7例），起源于骨骼的恶性肿瘤报告了1.7%（4例），侵犯骨骼的恶性肿瘤报告了38%（93例），其他病症报告了1.65%（4例）。2021年报告的感染性和炎性病变数量最多（53%）。在2感染性和炎性类别下，2022年和2023年观察到急剧下降。侵犯骨骼的恶性肿瘤在所有三年中显示出几乎相似的分布。结论 观察到的差异凸显了涉及颌骨的骨骼病变的不可预测性。我们强调持续观察和分析以理解骨骼健康的变化模式。
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