Wadood Armughan Ahmed, Zhang Xiquan
State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2024 Jun 20;46(6):6248-6266. doi: 10.3390/cimb46060373.
Omics approaches have significantly contributed to our understanding of several aspects of chicken reproduction. This review paper gives an overview of the use of omics technologies such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics to elucidate the mechanisms of chicken reproduction. Genomics has transformed the study of chicken reproduction by allowing the examination of the full genetic makeup of chickens, resulting in the discovery of genes associated with reproductive features and disorders. Transcriptomics has provided insights into the gene expression patterns and regulatory mechanisms involved in reproductive processes, allowing for a better knowledge of developmental stages and hormone regulation. Furthermore, proteomics has made it easier to identify and quantify the proteins involved in reproductive physiology to better understand the molecular mechanisms driving fertility, embryonic development, and egg quality. Metabolomics has emerged as a useful technique for understanding the metabolic pathways and biomarkers linked to reproductive performance, providing vital insights for enhancing breeding tactics and reproductive health. The integration of omics data has resulted in the identification of critical molecular pathways and biomarkers linked with chicken reproductive features, providing the opportunity for targeted genetic selection and improved reproductive management approaches. Furthermore, omics technologies have helped to create biomarkers for fertility and embryonic viability, providing the poultry sector with tools for effective breeding and reproductive health management. Finally, omics technologies have greatly improved our understanding of chicken reproduction by revealing the molecular complexities that underpin reproductive processes.
组学方法在很大程度上促进了我们对鸡繁殖多个方面的理解。这篇综述文章概述了基因组学、转录组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学等组学技术在阐明鸡繁殖机制方面的应用。基因组学通过对鸡的完整基因组成进行检测,改变了鸡繁殖的研究方式,从而发现了与繁殖特征和疾病相关的基因。转录组学深入了解了生殖过程中涉及的基因表达模式和调控机制,有助于更好地了解发育阶段和激素调节。此外,蛋白质组学使鉴定和定量参与生殖生理学的蛋白质变得更加容易,以便更好地理解驱动生育力、胚胎发育和蛋品质的分子机制。代谢组学已成为一种有用的技术,用于了解与繁殖性能相关的代谢途径和生物标志物,为改进育种策略和生殖健康提供了重要见解。组学数据的整合已导致鉴定出与鸡繁殖特征相关的关键分子途径和生物标志物,为靶向基因选择和改进生殖管理方法提供了机会。此外,组学技术有助于创建生育力和胚胎活力的生物标志物,为家禽业提供有效育种和生殖健康管理的工具。最后,组学技术通过揭示生殖过程背后的分子复杂性,极大地增进了我们对鸡繁殖的理解。