College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture/Art Academy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
Respiratory Oncology Department, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China.
Front Public Health. 2024 Jun 13;12:1362884. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1362884. eCollection 2024.
Hospital affiliated green spaces can help patients recover and recover their physical functions, promote physical and mental relaxation, enhance health awareness, and improve overall health. However, there are still significant questions about how to scientifically construct hospital affiliated green spaces. This study examines the impact of hospital green spaces on patient rehabilitation through scientific evaluation methods, providing reference for the scientific construction of hospital affiliated green spaces. Applicability evaluation was conducted on the affiliated green spaces of three hospitals in Harbin. An evaluation system covering plants, space, accessibility, rehabilitation functions, and promotional and educational functions has been constructed. The entropy weight method is used to determine the weight of indicators, and the grey correlation analysis method is used to evaluate the suitability of green space for patient rehabilitation.
The experimental results showed that the landscape accessibility index had the highest weight (0.3005) and the plant index had the lowest weight (0.1628), indicating that caring for special needs is the foundation of hospital landscapes, and plants have subtle and long-term effects on physical and mental health. In the evaluation of the rehabilitation applicability of the affiliated green spaces of various hospitals, the second hospital has the highest grey correlation degree (0.8525), followed by the tumor hospital (0.5306) and the fifth hospital (0.4846). It can be seen that the green space of the second hospital has high applicability for patient rehabilitation, but the green space of the tumor hospital and the fifth hospital needs to be improved and developed.
The evaluation criteria used in this study are comprehensive. The landscaping at the Third Hospital is well-planned with good plant configuration and reasonable spatial layout. However, there is insufficient consideration for accessibility in the landscape design, and the details are lacking. The rehabilitation and educational functions of the landscape are inadequate, with limited outdoor activities and low road safety. The hospital's affiliated green spaces should adhere to the principle of "appropriate scale, comprehensive functionality, and educational leisure," integrating rehabilitation and educational functions while increasing the variety of outdoor activities. In the future, emphasis should be placed on exploring the integration of landscape and rehabilitation to provide a functional site that is convenient for visiting, with improved rehabilitation facilities and an educational and enjoyable environment. The design should incorporate elements that contribute to a sense of well-being, including roads and.
医院附属绿地有助于患者康复和恢复身体功能，促进身心放松，增强健康意识，提高整体健康水平。然而，如何科学地建设医院附属绿地仍然存在很大的问题。本研究通过科学的评价方法考察医院绿地对患者康复的影响，为医院附属绿地的科学建设提供参考。对哈尔滨市三家医院的附属绿地进行了适用性评价。构建了涵盖植物、空间、可达性、康复功能、宣传教育功能的评价体系。采用熵权法确定指标权重，采用灰色关联分析法评价绿地对患者康复的适宜性。
实验结果表明，景观可达性指数权重最高（0.3005），植物指数权重最低（0.1628），说明关爱特殊人群是医院景观的基础，植物对身心健康具有微妙而长期的影响。在对各医院附属绿地康复适用性的评价中，第二医院的灰色关联度最高（0.8525），其次是肿瘤医院（0.5306）和第五医院（0.4846）。可见，第二医院的绿地对患者康复具有较高的适用性，但肿瘤医院和第五医院的绿地需要改进和发展。
本研究采用的评价标准较为全面。第三医院的园林绿化规划良好，植物配置合理，空间布局合理。但是，景观设计在可达性方面考虑不足，细节缺失。景观的康复和教育功能不足，户外活动有限，道路安全度低。医院附属绿地应坚持“适当规模、功能齐全、寓教于乐”的原则，在融合康复和教育功能的同时，增加户外活动的多样性。未来，应重点探索景观与康复的融合，提供方便就诊的功能场所，完善康复设施，营造教育与休闲的环境。设计应融入有助于幸福感的元素，包括道路和。
