Chen Danni, Xia Tao, Yao Ziqing, Zhang Lingqi, Hu Xiaoqing
Department of Psychology, The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, China.
NPJ Sci Learn. 2024 Jul 7;9(1):43. doi: 10.1038/s41539-024-00255-5.
People often change their evaluations upon learning about their peers' evaluations, i.e., social learning. Given sleep's vital role in consolidating daytime experiences, sleep may facilitate social learning, thereby further changing people's evaluations. Combining a social learning task and the sleep-based targeted memory reactivation technique, we asked whether social learning-induced evaluation updating can be modulated during sleep. After participants had indicated their initial evaluation of snacks, they learned about their peers' evaluations while hearing the snacks' spoken names. During the post-learning non-rapid-eye-movement sleep, we re-played half of the snack names (i.e., cued snack) to reactivate the associated peers' evaluations. Upon waking up, we found that the social learning-induced evaluation updating further enlarged for both cued and uncued snacks. Examining sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) activity revealed that cue-elicited delta-theta EEG power and the overnight N2 sleep spindle density predicted post-sleep evaluation updating for cued but not for uncued snacks. These findings underscore the role of sleep-mediated memory reactivation and the associated neural activity in supporting social learning-induced evaluation updating.
人们在了解到同伴的评价后，往往会改变自己的评价，即社会学习。鉴于睡眠在巩固白天经历方面的重要作用，睡眠可能会促进社会学习，从而进一步改变人们的评价。结合一项社会学习任务和基于睡眠的定向记忆再激活技术，我们探究了社会学习引起的评价更新在睡眠期间是否可以被调节。在参与者表明他们对零食的初始评价后，他们在听到零食的语音名称时了解到同伴的评价。在学习后的非快速眼动睡眠期间，我们重新播放了一半零食的名称（即提示零食），以重新激活相关同伴的评价。醒来后，我们发现社会学习引起的评价更新在提示和未提示的零食上都进一步扩大了。检查睡眠脑电图（EEG）活动发现，提示诱发的δ-θ脑电功率和夜间N2睡眠纺锤波密度预测了提示零食而非未提示零食的睡眠后评价更新。这些发现强调了睡眠介导的记忆再激活以及相关神经活动在支持社会学习引起的评价更新中的作用。
