De Bhowmick Goldy, Plouviez Maxence, Reis Mariza Gomes, Guieysse Benoit, Everett David W, Agnew Michael P, Maclean Paul, Thum Caroline
AgResearch Ltd., Te Ohu Rangahau Kai, Palmerston North, 4474 New Zealand.
School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Massey University, Private Bag 11 222, Palmerston North, 4442 New Zealand.
ACS Omega. 2024 Jun 24;9(26):27976-27986. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00221. eCollection 2024 Jul 2.
Microalgal lipids contain a wide array of liposoluble bioactive compounds, but lipid extraction remains a critical limitation for their commercial use. An accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) was used to extract lipids from , (), and grown under either standard or nitrogen depletion conditions. Under standard growth conditions, ASE using methanol:chloroform (2:1), methyl -butyl ether (MTBE):methanol:water, and ethanol at 100 °C resulted in the highest recovery of total lipids (352 ± 30, 410 ± 32, and 127 ± 15 mg/g biomass from , , and , respectively). Similarly, the highest total lipid and triacylglycerols (TAGs) recovery from biomass cultivated under nitrogen depletion conditions was found at 100 °C using methanol:chloroform, for (total, 550 ± 21; TAG, 205 ± 2 mg/g biomass) and for (total, 612 ± 29 mg/g; TAG, 253 ± 7 mg/g biomass). ASE with MTBE:methanol:water at 100 °C yielded similar TAG recovery for (159 ± 6 mg/g) and (200 ± 4 mg/g). Thus, MTBE:methanol:water is suggested as an alternative substitute to replace hazardous solvent mixtures for TAGs extraction with a much lower environmental impact. The extracted microalgal TAGs were rich in palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1,9), linoleic (C18:2n6), and α-linolenic (C18:3n3) acids. Under nitrogen depletion conditions, increased palmitic acid (C16:0) recovery up to 2-fold was recorded from the biomasses of and . This study demonstrates a clear linkage between the extraction conditions applied and total lipid and TAG recovery.
微藻脂质含有多种脂溶性生物活性化合物，但脂质提取仍然是其商业应用的关键限制因素。采用加速溶剂萃取（ASE）法从在标准或氮缺乏条件下生长的微藻（三角褐指藻、小球藻和微拟球藻）中提取脂质。在标准生长条件下，于100℃使用甲醇:氯仿（2:1）、甲基叔丁基醚（MTBE）:甲醇:水和乙醇进行ASE萃取，分别从小球藻、微拟球藻和三角褐指藻中获得的总脂质回收率最高（分别为352±30、410±32和127±15mg/g生物量）。同样，在氮缺乏条件下培养的生物量中，使用甲醇:氯仿于100℃时，从小球藻（总脂质，550±21；三酰甘油，205±2mg/g生物量）和微拟球藻（总脂质，612±29mg/g；三酰甘油，253±7mg/g生物量）中获得的总脂质和三酰甘油（TAGs）回收率最高。在100℃使用MTBE:甲醇:水进行ASE萃取，小球藻（159±6mg/g）和微拟球藻（200±4mg/g）的TAG回收率相似。因此，建议使用MTBE:甲醇:水作为替代物，以取代对环境影响大得多的危险溶剂混合物来提取TAGs。提取的微藻TAGs富含棕榈酸（C16:0）、硬脂酸（C18:0）、油酸（C18:1,9）、亚油酸（C18:2n6）和α-亚麻酸（C18:3n3）。在氮缺乏条件下，从小球藻和微拟球藻的生物量中记录到棕榈酸（C16:0）回收率提高了2倍。本研究表明了所应用的提取条件与总脂质和TAG回收率之间存在明确的联系。
