Fu Kun, Yang Lei-Lei, Gao Ning, Liu Pengbi, Xue Bo, He Wei, Qiu Weiliu, Wen Xuejun
Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450052, China.
Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, School of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA.
Heliyon. 2024 Jun 12;10(12):e32850. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32850. eCollection 2024 Jun 30.
Simulated body fluid (SBF) is widely utilized in preclinical research for estimating the mineralization efficacy of biomaterials. Therefore, it is of great significance to construct an efficient and stable SBF mineralization system. The conventional SBF solutions cannot maintain a stable pH value and are prone to precipitate homogeneous calcium salts at the early stages of the biomimetic process because of the release of gaseous CO. In this study, a simple but efficient five times SBF buffered by 5 % CO was developed and demonstrated to achieve excellent mineralized microstructure on a type of polymer-aligned nanofibrous scaffolds, which is strikingly similar to the natural human bone tissue. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray examinations indicated the growth of heterogeneous apatite with a high-calcium-to-phosphate ratio on the aligned nanofibers under 5 times SBF buffered by 5 % CO. Moreover, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared analyses yielded peaks associated with carbonated hydroxyapatite with less prominent crystallization. In addition, the biomineralized aligned polycaprolactone nanofibers demonstrated excellent cell attachment, alignment, and proliferation characteristics in vitro. Overall, the results of this study showed that 5 × SBFs buffered by 5 % CO partial pressure are attractive alternatives for the efficient biomineralization of scaffolds in bone tissue engineering, and could be used as a model for the prediction of the bone-bonding bioactivity of biomaterials.
模拟体液（SBF）在临床前研究中被广泛用于评估生物材料的矿化效果。因此，构建一个高效稳定的SBF矿化系统具有重要意义。传统的SBF溶液不能维持稳定的pH值，并且由于气态CO的释放，在仿生过程的早期容易沉淀出均匀的钙盐。在本研究中，开发了一种简单但高效的由5% CO缓冲的五倍SBF，并证明其在一种聚合物排列的纳米纤维支架上实现了优异的矿化微观结构，这与天然人体骨组织惊人地相似。扫描电子显微镜和能量色散X射线检查表明，在由5% CO缓冲的五倍SBF下，排列的纳米纤维上生长出了高钙磷比的非均相磷灰石。此外，X射线衍射光谱和傅里叶变换红外分析产生了与结晶程度较低的碳酸羟基磷灰石相关的峰。此外，生物矿化的排列聚己内酯纳米纤维在体外表现出优异的细胞附着、排列和增殖特性。总体而言，本研究结果表明，由5% CO分压缓冲的5×SBF是骨组织工程中支架高效生物矿化的有吸引力的替代方案，并且可作为预测生物材料骨结合生物活性的模型。
