Jiang Yan, Jin Yanyun, Shan Yiyi, Zhong Quanzhou, Wang Huizhong, Shen Chenjia, Feng Shangguo
Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Jun 27;15:1407625. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1407625. eCollection 2024.
The plants of the genus L. have been extensively utilized in traditional and indigenous Chinese medicinal practices for treating a variety of ailments, including dermatitis, malaria, asthma, hepatitis, and liver disorders. The present review aims to achieve a comprehensive and up-to-date investigation of the genus , a new model crop, to understand plant diversity and fruit development. Several chloroplast DNA-, nuclear ribosomal DNA-, and genomic DNA-based markers, such as , internal-transcribed spacer (ITS), simple sequence repeat (SSR), random amplified microsatellites (RAMS), sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR), and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), were developed for molecular identification, genetic diversity, and phylogenetic studies of species. A large number of functional genes involved in inflated calyx syndrome development (, , , and ), organ growth (, , , and ), and active ingredient metabolism (, , , , , , and ) were identified contributing to the breeding of novel varieties. Various omic studies revealed and functionally identified a series of reproductive organ development-related factors, environmental stress-responsive genes, and active component biosynthesis-related enzymes. The chromosome-level genomes of Rydb., (Waterf.) M. Martínez, and L. have been recently published providing a valuable resource for genome editing in crops. Our review summarizes the recent progress in genetic diversity, molecular identification, phylogenetics, functional genes, and the application of omics in the genus and accelerates efficient utilization of this traditional herb.
L.属植物已被广泛应用于中国传统和本土医学实践中，用于治疗多种疾病，包括皮炎、疟疾、哮喘、肝炎和肝脏疾病。本综述旨在对一种新型模式作物L.属进行全面且最新的研究，以了解植物多样性和果实发育情况。已开发了几种基于叶绿体DNA、核糖体DNA和基因组DNA的标记，如内部转录间隔区（ITS）、简单序列重复（SSR）、随机扩增微卫星（RAMS）、序列特征性扩增区域（SCAR）和单核苷酸多态性（SNP），用于L.属物种的分子鉴定、遗传多样性和系统发育研究。已鉴定出大量与膨大花萼综合征发育（……）、器官生长（……）和活性成分代谢（……）相关的功能基因，这些基因有助于培育新型L.属品种。各种组学研究揭示并在功能上鉴定了一系列与生殖器官发育相关的因子、环境胁迫响应基因以及活性成分生物合成相关的酶。Rydb.、（Waterf.）M. Martínez和L.的染色体水平基因组最近已发表，为L.属作物的基因组编辑提供了宝贵资源。我们的综述总结了L.属在遗传多样性、分子鉴定、系统发育、功能基因以及组学应用方面的最新进展，并加速了这种传统草药的高效利用。
