Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA)-Centro di Ricerca Cerealicoltura e Colture Industriali, S.S. 673 m 25200, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Nutrients. 2024 Jul 6;16(13):2155. doi: 10.3390/nu16132155.
Cereals are the basis of much of the world's daily diet. Recently, there has been considerable interest in the beneficial properties of wholegrains due to their content of phytochemicals, particularly polyphenols. Despite this, the existing data on polyphenolic composition of cereal-based foods reported in the most comprehensive databases are still not updated. Many cereal-based foods and phenolic compounds are missing, including pigmented ones. Observational epidemiological studies reporting the intake of polyphenols from cereals are limited and inconsistent, although experimental studies suggest a protective role for dietary polyphenols against cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer. Estimating polyphenol intake is complex because of the large number of compounds present in foods and the many factors that affect their levels, such as plant variety, harvest season, food processing and cooking, making it difficult matching consumption data with data on food composition. Further, it should be taken into account that food composition tables and consumed foods are categorized in different ways. The present work provides an overview of the available data on polyphenols content reported in several existing databases, in terms of presence, missing and no data, and discusses the strengths and weaknesses of methods for assessing cereal polyphenol consumption. Furthermore, this review suggests a greater need for the inclusion of most up-to-date cereal food composition data and for the harmonization of standardized procedures in collecting cereal-based food data and adequate assessment tools for dietary intake.
谷物是世界上许多人日常饮食的基础。由于其植物化学物质，特别是多酚的含量，全谷物的有益特性近来引起了相当大的关注。尽管如此，在大多数综合性数据库中报告的基于谷物的食物中多酚的组成数据仍然没有更新。许多基于谷物的食物和酚类化合物都缺失了，包括有色的。尽管实验研究表明，饮食中的多酚对心血管疾病、糖尿病和癌症有保护作用，但报告谷物中多酚摄入量的观察性流行病学研究仍然有限且不一致。由于食物中存在大量的化合物，以及影响其水平的许多因素，如植物品种、收获季节、食品加工和烹饪，因此估计多酚的摄入量很复杂，这使得消费数据与食物成分数据难以匹配。此外，还应考虑到食物成分表和食用食物是以不同的方式分类的。本研究概述了现有数据库中报告的几种多酚含量的可用数据，包括存在、缺失和无数据，并讨论了评估谷物多酚摄入量的方法的优缺点。此外，本综述还表明，需要更广泛地纳入最新的谷物食品成分数据，并协调收集基于谷物的食品数据的标准化程序，以及适当的饮食摄入量评估工具。
