Chen Meng, Xia Lili, Wu Chenyao, Wang Zeyu, Ding Li, Xie Yujie, Feng Wei, Chen Yu
Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2024 Aug 12;53(16):8306-8378. doi: 10.1039/d3cs00655g.
As natural living substances, microorganisms have emerged as useful resources in medicine for creating microbe-material hybrids ranging from nano to macro dimensions. The engineering of microbe-involved nanomedicine capitalizes on the distinctive physiological attributes of microbes, particularly their intrinsic "living" properties such as hypoxia tendency and oxygen production capabilities. Exploiting these remarkable characteristics in combination with other functional materials or molecules enables synergistic enhancements that hold tremendous promise for improved drug delivery, site-specific therapy, and enhanced monitoring of treatment outcomes, presenting substantial opportunities for amplifying the efficacy of disease treatments. This comprehensive review outlines the microorganisms and microbial derivatives used in biomedicine and their specific advantages for therapeutic application. In addition, we delineate the fundamental strategies and mechanisms employed for constructing microbe-material hybrids. The diverse biomedical applications of the constructed microbe-material hybrids, encompassing bioimaging, anti-tumor, anti-bacteria, anti-inflammation and other diseases therapy are exhaustively illustrated. We also discuss the current challenges and prospects associated with the clinical translation of microbe-material hybrid platforms. Therefore, the unique versatility and potential exhibited by microbe-material hybrids position them as promising candidates for the development of next-generation nanomedicine and biomaterials with unique theranostic properties and functionalities.
作为天然的生物物质，微生物已成为医学领域有用的资源，可用于制造从纳米到宏观尺寸的微生物-材料杂化物。涉及微生物的纳米医学工程利用了微生物独特的生理特性，特别是它们固有的“生命”特性，如缺氧倾向和产氧能力。将这些显著特性与其他功能材料或分子结合利用，能够实现协同增强，这对于改善药物递送、靶向治疗以及加强治疗效果监测具有巨大潜力，为提高疾病治疗效果提供了大量机会。这篇综述概述了用于生物医学的微生物及其衍生物，以及它们在治疗应用中的具体优势。此外，我们还阐述了构建微生物-材料杂化物所采用的基本策略和机制。详尽说明了所构建的微生物-材料杂化物在生物成像、抗肿瘤、抗菌、抗炎及其他疾病治疗等方面的多种生物医学应用。我们还讨论了微生物-材料杂化平台临床转化目前面临的挑战和前景。因此，微生物-材料杂化物展现出的独特多功能性和潜力使其成为开发具有独特诊疗特性和功能的下一代纳米医学和生物材料的有前途的候选者。
