Durazzo Alessandra, Lucarini Massimo, Dwyer Johanna T, Sorkin Barbara C, Heinrich Michael, Pehrsson Pamela
CREA-Research Centre for Food and Nutrition, Via Ardeatina 546, 00178, Rome, Italy.
Office of Dietary Supplements, National Institutes of Health, 6705 Rockledge Drive (Rockledge I) Room 730, Bethesda, MD 20817, MSC 7991, USA.
PharmaNutrition. 2024 Mar;27. doi: 10.1016/j.phanu.2024.100377. Epub 2024 Jan 20.
Non-nutrient bioactive ingredients of foods such as bee products are often of interest in preclinical and clinical research to explore their possible beneficial effects. The National Institute of Health's Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) contains over 165,000 labels of dietary supplements marketed in the United States of America (US), including declarations on labels for many of these ingredients, including those in honeybee products which have been used in foods and traditional medicines for centuries worldwide and are now also appearing in dietary supplements.
This article presents a use case for honeybee products that describes and tests the utility of the DSLD and other databases available in the US as research tools for identifying and quantifying the prevalence of such ingredients.. It focuses on the limitations to the information on product composition in these databases and describes how to code the ingredients using the LanguaL or FoodEx2 description and classification systems and the strengths and limitations of information on honeybee product ingredients, including propolis, bee pollen, royal jelly, beeswax, and bee venom.
Codes for the ingredients are provided for identifying their presence in LanguaL or FoodEx2 ontologies used in Europe and elsewhere. The prevalence of dietary supplement products containing these ingredients in DSLD and on the US market is low compared to some other products and ingredients. Unfortunately label declarations in DSLD do not provide quantitative information and so the data can be used only to screen for their presence, but cannot be used for quantitative exposure estimates by researchers and regulators .
诸如蜂产品等食品中的非营养生物活性成分在临床前和临床研究中常常受到关注，以探索它们可能的有益效果。美国国立卫生研究院的膳食补充剂标签数据库（DSLD）包含超过165,000种在美国销售的膳食补充剂的标签，包括许多这些成分在标签上的声明，其中包括已在全球食品和传统药物中使用了几个世纪、现在也出现在膳食补充剂中的蜜蜂产品成分。
本文介绍了一个蜂产品的用例，描述并测试了DSLD和美国其他可用数据库作为识别和量化此类成分流行率的研究工具的效用。它着重于这些数据库中产品成分信息的局限性，并描述了如何使用LanguaL或FoodEx2描述和分类系统对成分进行编码，以及蜂产品成分（包括蜂胶、蜂花粉、蜂王浆、蜂蜡和蜂毒）信息的优势和局限性。
提供了成分代码，以识别它们在欧洲和其他地区使用的LanguaL或FoodEx2本体中的存在情况。与其他一些产品和成分相比，DSLD中以及美国市场上含有这些成分的膳食补充剂产品的流行率较低。不幸的是，DSLD中的标签声明不提供定量信息，因此这些数据只能用于筛选它们的存在情况，而研究人员和监管机构不能将其用于定量暴露估计。
